Best CBD Oil for Dogs With Cancer

Are you looking to try CBD to help manage your dog’s cancer symptoms? CBD Clinicals has gathered all the information regarding the benefits of CBD for canine cancer to help your furry friend live a comfortable life.

Rating
Highlights

Editor's Choice

Spruce Dog CBD Oil 750mg

4.8 out of 5
  1. Has coconut oil as carrier which is generally easier on dogs
  2. Has milder taste and no flavorings
  3. Easy to use just sprinkle on dog’s food twice daily

Best CBD OIl For Dogs

Honest Paws Wellness Oil for Dogs

4.1 out of 5
  1. Calming,
  2. Full Spectrum
  3. Contains other natural ingredients to boost immunity

Best High Potency

Nuleaf Naturals Pet CBD Oil

5 out of 5
  1. Concentrated to approximately 50mg CBD per ml of oil
  2. Great for cats, dogs and other four-legged friends
  3. Can also be used by humans

Best High Potency

4 Corners Cannabis Pet Tincture

5 out of 5
  1. Generous on their options
  2. Different sizes and strengths available for your needs
  3. The flavor peanut butter is available perfect for pets who are picky when it comes to eating

Best Transparency

cbdMD Pet CBD Oil Tincture for Dogs

3.6 out of 5
  1. Uses hemp grown through organic farming methods.
  2. Contains CBD Oil and MCT Oil only
  3. With two yummy flavors

Best CBD Oil for Dogs With Cancer 2024

  1. Spruce Dog CBD Oil 750mg Best Overall
  2. Honest Paws Wellness Oil for Dogs Best Immunity Support for Dogs
  3. Nuleaf Naturals Pet CBD Oil Best Organic
  4. 4 Corners Cannabis Pet Tincture Best High Potency
  5. cbdMD Pet CBD Oil Tincture for Dogs Best Range


Compare the best CBD for condition in 2022

Product Potency Purity Customer Service Type Extraction Transparency Absorption
Spruce Dog CBD Oil 750mg
4.8 out of 5
4.5 out of 5
4.5 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
4.5 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
Honest Paws Wellness Oil for Dogs
4.1 out of 5
1.0 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
4.5 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
Nuleaf Naturals Pet CBD Oil
5.0 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
4.0 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
4 Corners Cannabis Pet Tincture
5.0 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
4.0 out of 5
3.0 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
cbdMD Pet CBD Oil Tincture for Dogs
3.6 out of 5
1.0 out of 5
3.5 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
3.5 out of 5
4.5 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
4.0 out of 5

The Best CBD Oil for Dogs With Cancer

1. Spruce Dog CBD Oil 750mg
cbdc overall score

4.8

CBDC Evaluation Table/Score
Potency

Purity

Customer Service

Type

Extraction

Absorption

Transparency

Pros Cons

Same as human lab grade, full spectrum CBD oil

No other flavors

Easier on Dog's digestion

Made from 100% organic and natural ingredients

Overview

Spruce’s dog-friendly CBD has been specially formulated for dogs. Instead of hemp seed oil for the carrier oil, the product contains coconut oil, which is generally easier on the digestion for dogs. The taste is also milder with no flavorings, making it more likely that dogs will eat it with their food.

Using Spruce CBD for dogs is simple. All owners have to do is sprinkle the desired dose on the dog’s food at mealtime once or twice a day. Each dose should consist of about two to three drops per 20 pounds of dog weight.

2. Honest Paws Wellness Oil for Dogs
cbdc overall score

4.1

CBDC Evaluation Table/Score
Potency

Purity

Customer Service

Type

Extraction

Absorption

Transparency

Pros Cons

Product offering is extensive

Most products were not tested for solvents or mycotoxins

Products are made from 100% organic, non-GMO, and locally grown hemp

Limited information on the company

30-day money-back guarantee

Available in the US only

Free shipping for orders over $49.95

Expedited delivery option is available

Overview

A calming full-spectrum hemp oil that combines naturally occurring CBD with other ingredients for healthy immunity, calm moods, and a healthy brain.

3. Nuleaf Naturals Pet CBD Oil
cbdc overall score

5.0

CBDC Evaluation Table/Score
Potency

Purity

Customer Service

Type

Extraction

Absorption

Transparency

Pros Cons

Pure CBD hemp

No other flavors

All natural

Overview

CBD for dogs, cats and other four-legged friends! Our product is concentrated to approximately 50mg cannabinoids per milliliter of oil. While this product is designed for pets, it’s great for humans, too.

4. 4 Corners Cannabis Pet Tincture
cbdc overall score

5.0

CBDC Evaluation Table/Score
Potency

Purity

Customer Service

Type

Extraction

Absorption

Transparency

Pros Cons

Has a wide variety of CBD strengths

A bit expensive

Free shipping on $100 and up

Incomplete lab test results

Overview

4 Corners Cannabis Pet Tinctures are generous on their options since there are different sizes and strengths available for you exact needs. The flavor peanut butter is available perfect for pets who are picky when it comes to eating.

5. cbdMD Pet CBD Oil Tincture for Dogs
cbdc overall score

3.6

CBDC Evaluation Table/Score
Potency

Purity

Customer Service

Type

Extraction

Absorption

Transparency

Pros Cons

Same CBD Oil benefits as for humans

Low terpene and cannabinoid profile

No THC Animal-specific products (dogs, cats, horses)

Made from premium CBD from non-GMO USA hemp

Overview

With nothing but MCT oil combined with CBD oil sourced from U.S. hemp that is grown using organic farming methods, these CBD Oil Tinctures for Dogs can be added to their favorite foods while still providing the same effects that you enjoy. We have two flavors to choose from: Natural and Peanut Butter.

How We Rank
Our Ratings

How CBD May Help Dogs With Cancer

According to the FDA (Food and Drug Administration), dogs get cancer at almost the same rate as humans(1). Until recently, most drugs available to treat cancer in animals were approved for people. 

However, in the past few years, veterinary drug sponsors have developed treatments meant specifically for animals. The FDA works closely with these companies. 

FDA veterinarian Lisa Troutman recognizes the need for more targeted therapies, including substances or proteins unique to cancer cells. Thus, veterinary experts are developing cancer treatments that will not harm animals’ healthy cells. 

Although the FDA has not approved cannabidiol (CBD) for use in animals, various CBD products are now widely marketed for pets(2)

CBD is one of the diverse cannabinoids present in cannabis plants. It is also a cannabis compound of greatest therapeutic interest in veterinary medicine(3).

Aside from CBD’s purported health benefits, this non-psychoactive compound is also believed to counteract the adverse effects of THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) when administered concurrently(4).  

THC is the principal psychoactive compound of cannabis (sometimes called marijuana). 

CBD and THC are exogenous phytocannabinoids that may interact with the ECS (endocannabinoid system) like endogenous ligands, which are naturally-occurring chemical substances that bind to cannabinoid receptors(5).  

The ECS, responsible for maintaining the body’s homeostasis or balance, is pervasive in mammals like dogs. One of the three components of the ECS are the cannabinoid receptors, namely CB1 and CB2 receptors

CB1 and CB2 receptors are also present throughout a dogs’ body(6). Localization of CB1 receptors in the brain reflects their control of cognition, motor function, memory, and analgesia or loss of pain perception(7)

On the other hand, CB2 receptors in the immune system modulate a healthy response to inflammation by up-regulating multiple anti-inflammatory pathways(8)

CBD may have a low binding affinity for cannabinoid receptors. However, this phytocannabinoid is believed to have strong anti-inflammatory effects by indirect activation of CB1 receptors through inhibition of the endocannabinoid inactivation(9)

In addition, CBD may provide immune system support, which may benefit companion animals like dogs with cancer(10)

The warning signs of canine cancer are similar to those in people, which include a lump, a wound that does not heal, and any inflammation and abnormal bleeding(11)

However, dog owners should also look for basic changes like loss of appetite and sleep disruptions.

In some cases, cells in the immune system may turn into tumors, resulting in the production of nonfunctional cancer cells(12). For instance, dogs and cats may develop a tumor or lymphoma(13)

CBD’s therapeutic potential and its activity in the ECS may be promising. Still, the FDA warns pet owners against the use of cannabis and its derivatives and recommends consulting a veterinarian for proper treatment options(14).

Although some veterinarians in the U.S. may not be legally allowed to recommend, dispense, or even discuss CBD products with their patients, you may initiate an open dialogue with them(15)

Benefits of Using CBD for Dogs With Cancer

Scientific data on the benefits of CBD oil for dogs with conditions like cancer is still lacking. However, anecdotal evidence suggests that the compound may provide pain relief(16)

A scientific report from the Journal of the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association stated that about 77.6% of dog owners said they use a hemp-derived product for an illness diagnosed by a veterinarian(17)

According to the report, the most common canine conditions include seizures, arthritis, anxiety, and cancer.   

Jerry Klein, Chief Veterinary Officer of the American Kennel Club (AKC), says CBD has purported anti-inflammatory properties, anti-nausea effects, anti-anxiety characteristics, appetite-stimulating impact, and cardiac and anti-cancer benefits(18).

  A 2021 study from the journal Veterinary and Comparative Oncology hypothesized that CBD may effectively hinder cell reproduction and induction of autophagy and apoptosis across neoplastic cell lines(19-20).

Autophagy refers to the body’s ability to clean out damaged cells. Apoptosis eradicates excess or potentially harmful cells and terminates immune responses(21)

Cell cultures from various types of cancer in dogs were exposed to different concentrations of CBD alone and combined with chemotherapy drugs vincristine and doxorubicin(22-23)

In all cell lines studied, the researchers observed that the use of CBD-rich whole hemp extract decreased cancer cell reproduction at lower concentrations compared to CBD oil alone. 

These findings were likely due to the entourage effect, a theory wherein the biologically active compounds of cannabis work better when administered together. 

In addition, the researchers hypothesized that CBD combined with vincristine may reduce cancer cell proliferation in a synergistic way or with a more significant effect than either compound alone. 

Meanwhile, the results varied, depending on the concentration of each chemical, when CBD was combined with doxorubicin.

 Another 2021 research study examined the combination therapy with CBD chemotherapy drugs in canine urothelial carcinoma cells(24). Canine urothelial carcinoma is a type of canine bladder cancer. 

The findings suggested CBD as a single potential agent treating canine urothelial carcinoma. The compound combined with chemotherapeutics mitoxantrone and vinblastine may also be promising(25).  

Studies documenting the potential effect of CBD alone as an anti-cancer substance and in combination with chemotherapeutics suggest how CBD may influence canine cancer cells

Still, more longitudinal research is necessary to elucidate the therapeutic effects of CBD on dogs with cancer. 

How to Administer CBD Oil to Your Dog With Cancer 

Dog owners can find various CBD-quality products on the market. There are a few methods to use to give CBD oil and other CBD-derived products to dogs with cancer. 

CBD tincture or CBD oil consists of CBD extracts suspended in a carrier oil, such as hempseed oil, MCT oil, and coconut oil.

CBD oil products or pet tinctures typically come with a calibrated dropper, allowing pet parents to dose their dogs more accurately. 

Administering CBD oil under a pet’s tongue, cheeks, or mouth lets CBD be absorbed quickly through mucous membranes(26).  

However, some dogs may not like the earthy flavor of cannabidiol. If that is the case, you can mix the oil in dog food or add it to dog treats

CBD dog treats are great, especially if your canine companion enjoys taking treats. Treats and chews are easy to administer because they are usually tasty and come in flavors like peanut butter, baked cheese, and sweet potato. 

Another popular way to give your pet CBD oil tincture is to apply it directly to its skin for localized relief. Aside from oils, CBD topical products are available in creams, lotions, and salves. 

CBD Dosage

Despite the interest in CBD’s therapeutic potential, the FDA has not approved cannabis products and their derivatives for any use in animals(27). For this reason, there is no standard CBD dosage for dogs with cancer. 

However, the following studies may elucidate how an appropriate CBD dosage may help dogs. 

A 2018 study from Frontiers in Veterinary Science examined CBD’s pharmacokinetics, safety, and clinical efficacy in canine osteoarthritis(28)

Osteoarthritis causes joint pain(29). In the study, the researchers hypothesized that 2 mg of CBDenriched oil per kilogram of body weight administered twice daily may help increase comfort and activity in osteoarthritic dogs(30)

Meanwhile, a 2020 study mentioned that CBD may significantly reduce canine cancer cell reproduction across five canine neoplastic cell lines using concentrations ranging from 2.5 micrograms per milliliter of CBD(31)

Although promising, these findings are inconclusive. Therefore, it is recommended that dog owners consult a veterinarian expert in cannabis use. 

However, remember that the state veterinary medical board mandates veterinarians in the U.S. on how much they are allowed to guide their clients regarding CBD product usage(32). Hence, be prepared for potential limitations. 

How Long Does CBD Take to Help Dogs With Cancer?

How long CBD takes to help dogs with cancer depends on the administration route and other factors like CBD potency, body weight, and severity of the dog’s condition. 

Research on CBD for dogs is limited, and most studies and accounts on how soon the non-psychoactive compound takes effect have been done on humans. 

Although dogs also have an ECS, their size and biology are different from humans. 

Nevertheless, a study reported that oil-based products between 2 and 10mg/kg of CBD had average maximal serum concentrations reaching about 100 to 600 nanograms per milliliter within 2 hours of treatment in dogs(33)

How Long Will CBD Help Dogs With Cancer?

How long CBD will last after it takes effect usually depends on its pharmacokinetics, including half-life.

Pharmacokinetics includes the time course of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. On the other hand, half-life is the time required for a drug concentration to reduce by 50% of its starting dose.

According to a 2019 study, oil-based CBD products between 2 and 10mg of CBD administered to dogs had approximately 4 hours of half-elimination rates(34).      

How to Choose the Right CBD for Cancer in Dogs

Most CBD companies like Paw CBD, HolistaPet, and Honest Paws are dedicated to offering their customers high-quality CBD oil and CBD-derived pet products.

Some brands even offer a money-back guarantee if their products do not deliver as promised. 

Hence, pet parents may find it challenging to choose the best CBD products for their pets to live a better quality of life and have an improved overall wellness

If you want to try cannabidiol for your canine companion, here is a guide to help you select the best CBD oil for dogs with cancer:

  • Learn about the different hemp extracts.  

Full-spectrum CBD oil contains all the compounds naturally present in the cannabis plant, including cannabinoids, terpenes, and flavonoids. Full-spectrum hemp also has less than 0.3% THC by dry weight.

Terpenes are compounds found in the essential oils produced by many plants, including cannabis. These compounds provide distinct flavor and aroma to plants(35)

Meanwhile, flavonoids are active compounds present in cannabis and common in many plants, flowers, fruits, and vegetables. Flavonoids have potential antioxidant, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory properties(36).  

Another CBD variant is broad-spectrum CBD oil. Like full-spectrum CBD oil, it also contains all the natural compounds found in the cannabis plant except for THC. Lastly, CBD isolates are made of pure CBD

  • Support CBD brands that are transparent with their farming practices.

Most CBD brands cultivate hemp plants from their farms. Before you make any purchase, ensure to visit the official webpage of the CBD brand and look for more information about its grown hemp, testing methods, and CBD extraction process.

Generally, carbon dioxide (CO2) extraction is considered the cleanest method(37)

  • Ensure that the CBD products you buy go through third-party lab testing.  

The third-party lab must test CBD products to ensure that all CBD items are labeled accordingly. The products should also be free from residual solvents, pesticides, heavy metals, and other harmful substances.

Lab reports and COAs (certificates of analysis) must be readily accessible to consumers for transparency.  

  • Assess the ingredients of the CBD pet products. 

Make sure to read the ingredients list to determine if there are additives or allergens that may trigger adverse reactions to your dog.

Some chews or treats may contain added preservatives that may be unsafe for your dog. You can opt for gluten-free, non-GMO, and organic hemp CBD products to optimize your dog’s health

Carrier oils are also present in most CBD products. The most frequently used carrier oils are MCT oil, coconut oil, and hempseed oil.

Hempseed oil is different from hemp oil. Hemp oil, a term often used to refer to CBD oil, is an essential oil that comes from the flowers and leaves of hemp plants

Meanwhile, hempseed oil is made from the pressed seeds of hemp plants. Hempseed oil does not contain CBD but rich in nutrients and fatty acids(38)

Risks and Side Effects of Using CBD for Dogs With Cancer

While there is no scientific data on CBD’s risks and side effects on dogs, there are potential side effects based on how the non-psychoactive compound affects humans(39)

  • Dry mouth
  • Lowered blood pressure
  • Drowsiness 

Legality of CBD

Marijuana is federally considered a Schedule I controlled substance in the U.S.A under the Controlled Substances Act(40)

On the other hand, Cannabis sativa L and other derivatives of cannabis with no more than 0.3% of THC on a dry weight basis are not included in the category.

Several states in the United States have passed legislation allowing medical marijuana use in humans under strict guidelines. However, state laws legalizing cannabis use in people do not apply to animals(41).

Furthermore, rules and regulations regarding CBD usage and medical marijuana vary from state to state. Hence, consumers must be aware of the various state laws, especially if they plan to administer CBD for their dog with cancer.

For instance, Colorado expanded its state laws in 2012 by legalizing the adult use of recreational cannabis(42). However, it is not clear whether the state allows the use of CBD for pets. 

Meanwhile, in Nevada, licensed veterinarians can recommend and administer hemp and CBD products, provided they contain less than 0.3% THC(43)

In addition, veterinarians in California can discuss cannabis with their patients. However, they cannot administer, dispense, recommend, or prescribe it(44).

Product Frequently
Asked Questions

  • How can CBD help dogs with cancer?

    CBD may provide immune system support, which may benefit pets with cancer(45)

    Osteosarcoma is a bone cancer that causes severe pain and distinct swelling in dogs(46)

    Studies suggest that CBD has pain-relieving properties and anti-inflammatory effects(47-48). These properties may help with osteosarcoma symptoms.  

  • What evidence or research exists to say that CBD helps dogs with cancer?

    A study published on August 5, 2021 examined the combination therapy with CBD and chemotherapeutics in dogs with urothelial carcinoma cells(49). Canine urothelial carcinoma is a form of canine bladder cancer. 

    Results showed that CBD may reduce cell viability and induce apoptosis (programmed cell death) in canine urothelial cells(50)

    The non-psychoactive compound may also be combined with chemotherapy drugs to treat canine bladder cancer, according to the study.

  • Is there any evidence that CBD can make dogs’ cancer worse?

    No evidence suggests that CBD can make dogs’ cancer worse. However, CBD use in dogs may cause minor side effects, such as dry mouth, lowered blood pressure, and drowsiness(51)

    CBD is not a recognized medicine for cancer, so pet parents should not treat it as such.

  • Will CBD interact with any current medication my dog is taking for cancer?

    CBD is an inhibitor of cytochrome P450, a family of liver enzymes that metabolizes various drugs. CBD has the potential to affect these enzymes’ activities, leading to drug interactions(52)

    Melanoma is a tumor of pigment cells in canines. OncoTherad is an immunotherapy drug that exhibits antitumor and immunomodulatory properties that may help dogs with melanoma(53).

    Immunotherapy helps the immune system fight cancer. However, immune modulators like OncoTherad use the cytochrome P450 enzyme system and thus may interact with CBD(54)

  • Are there other treatments my dog should consider alongside CBD to help with cancer?

    A study on the use of CBD to treat canine cancer suggested that cannabidiol in combination with vincristine may reduce cancer cell proliferation in a synergistic way or with a more significant effect than either compound alone(55).

    Vincristine is a chemotherapy substance used to treat various types of cancer

  • What is the CBD dosage for dogs with cancer?

    The FDA has not recognized CBD as a medical treatment for canine cancer. Therefore, there is no standard CBD dosage available for such a condition. 

    However, a study mentioned that cannabidiol may reduce canine cancer cell reproduction across five canine neoplastic cell lines using concentrations ranging from 2.5μg/mL (micrograms per milliliter) to 10μg/mL of CBD(56)

  • Is CBD oil safe for my dog with cancer?

    According to the American Kennel Club, the safety and risks associated with the use of CBD for dogs have not been researched(57)

    However, a 2019 study from the journal Animals suggested that CBD may be relatively safe in healthy populations of cats and dogs(58). It is unknown whether CBD is also safe for dogs with cancer. 

    Therefore, check with your veterinarian before you administer CBD to your dog

    Remember that state laws may limit how veterinarians can discuss CBD oil with their clients(59). However, you should always feel comfortable initiating a conversation about it.  

  • How often should I give CBD oil to my dog with cancer?

    Check with a veterinarian to determine how often you should give CBD oil to your dog with cancer. 

    However, be prepared for potential limitations because these professionals may not discuss CBD products outright due to some regulations(60)

    You should use CBD products accordingly by checking the label. The label should include how many milligrams of CBD are in each bottle(61)

    For oils and tinctures, one dropper equals one milliliter. You may start with a low-end dose, about 0.05mg per pound of your pet’s body weight twice daily, and observe how your dog reacts(62)

  • Is CBD oil legal?

    The legality of CBD oil is subject to individual state laws. Hence, dog owners should know their state’s regulations regarding CBD. 

    For instance, CBD for pets is legal in Nevada, so licensed veterinarians can treat patients with cannabis products, provided that these items contain less than 0.3% of THC(63)


  1. My Dog Has Cancer: What Do I Need to Know?
    https://www.fda.gov/consumers/consumer-updates/my-dog-has-cancer-what-do-i-need-know
  2. What You Need to Know (And What We’re Working to Find Out) About Products Containing Cannabis or Cannabis-derived Compounds, Including CBD
    https://www.fda.gov/consumers/consumer-updates/what-you-need-know-and-what-were-working-find-out-about-products-containing-cannabis-or-cannabis
  3. Cannabis in Veterinary Medicine, page 30. https://www.avma.org/sites/default/files/2021-03/APH-CannabisResources-Report-20201207.pdf
  4. The Endocannabinoid System of Animals
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6770351/
  5. Ibid.
  6. Healing With CBD, page 179.
    https://drive.google.com/file/d/1AGlxnhS2SoFeOXEuysv75bd_C9pEnwsU/view
  7. Cannabis in Veterinary Medicine, page 9.
    https://www.avma.org/sites/default/files/2021-03/APH-CannabisResources-Report-20201207.pdf
  8. The Endocannabinoid System of Animals
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6770351/
  9. Cannabis in Veterinary Medicine, page 11.
    https://www.avma.org/sites/default/files/2021-03/APH-CannabisResources-Report-20201207.pdf
  10. Hemp Oil for Pets: Everything You Need to Know
    https://veterinarycannabissociety.org/hemp-oil-for-pets-everything-you-need-to-know/
  11. My Dog Has Cancer: What Do I Need to Know?
    https://www.fda.gov/consumers/consumer-updates/my-dog-has-cancer-what-do-i-need-know
  12. Tumors of the Immune System in Animals
    https://www.msdvetmanual.com/immune-system/immunologic-diseases/tumors-of-the-immune-system-in-animals
  13. Ibid.
  14. FDA Regulation of Cannabis and Cannabis-Derived Products, Including Cannabidiol (CBD)
    https://www.fda.gov/news-events/public-health-focus/fda-regulation-cannabis-and-cannabis-derived-products-including-cannabidiol-cbd
  15. Hemp Oil for Pets: Everything You Need to Know
    https://veterinarycannabissociety.org/hemp-oil-for-pets-everything-you-need-to-know/
  16. CBD Oil for Dogs: What You Need to Know
    https://www.akc.org/expert-advice/health/cbd-oil-dogs/
  17. Consumers’ Perceptions of Hemp Products for Animals
    https://www.ahvma.org/wp-content/uploads/AHVMA-2016-V42-Hemp-Article.pdf
  18. CBD Oil for Dogs: What You Need to Know
    https://www.akc.org/expert-advice/health/cbd-oil-dogs/
  19. The Effect of Cannabidiol on Canine Neoplastic Cell Proliferation and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Activation During Autophagy and Apoptosis
    https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/vco.12669
  20. Promising Research on the Use of CBD to Treat Canine Cancer
    https://www.akcchf.org/educational-resources/library/articles/promising-research-on-the-use.html
  21. Apoptosis: Letting Slip The Dogs Of War
    https://www.cell.com/current-biology/comments/S0960-9822(02)00736-4
  22. The Effect of Cannabidiol on Canine Neoplastic Cell Proliferation and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Activation During Autophagy and Apoptosis
    https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/vco.12669
  23. Promising Research on the Use of CBD to Treat Canine Cancer
    https://www.akcchf.org/educational-resources/library/articles/promising-research-on-the-use.html
  24. Combination Therapy With Cannabidiol and Chemotherapeutics in Canine Urothelial Carcinoma Cells
    https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0255591
  25. Ibid.
  26. Hemp Oil for Pets: Everything You Need to Know
    https://veterinarycannabissociety.org/hemp-oil-for-pets-everything-you-need-to-know/
  27. FDA Regulation of Cannabis and Cannabis-Derived Products, Including Cannabidiol (CBD)
    https://www.fda.gov/news-events/public-health-focus/fda-regulation-cannabis-and-cannabis-derived-products-including-cannabidiol-cbd
  28. Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Clinical Efficacy of Cannabidiol Treatment in Osteoarthritic Dogs
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6065210/
  29. Osteoarthritis in Dogs
    https://www.acvs.org/small-animal/osteoarthritis-in-dogs
  30. Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Clinical Efficacy of Cannabidiol Treatment in Osteoarthritic Dogs
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6065210/
  31. The Effect of Cannabidiol on Canine Neoplastic Cell Proliferation and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Activation During Autophagy and Apoptosis
    https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/vco.12669
  32. Hemp Oil for Pets: Everything You Need to Know
    https://veterinarycannabissociety.org/hemp-oil-for-pets-everything-you-need-to-know/
  33. Single-Dose Pharmacokinetics and Preliminary Safety Assessment with Use of CBD-Rich Hemp Nutraceutical in Healthy Dogs and Cats
    https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/9/10/832/htm
  34. Ibid.
  35. Healing With CBD, page 286.
    https://drive.google.com/file/d/1AGlxnhS2SoFeOXEuysv75bd_C9pEnwsU/view
  36. Healing With CBD, page 282.
    https://drive.google.com/file/d/1AGlxnhS2SoFeOXEuysv75bd_C9pEnwsU/view
  37. Healing With CBD, page 183.
    https://drive.google.com/file/d/1AGlxnhS2SoFeOXEuysv75bd_C9pEnwsU/view
  38. Hemp Seed Oil Properties
    https://extension.okstate.edu/fact-sheets/hemp-seed-oil-properties.html
  39. CBD Oil for Dogs: What You Need to Know
    https://www.akc.org/expert-advice/health/cbd-oil-dogs/
  40. Cannabis Use and Pets
    https://www.avma.org/resources-tools/animal-health-and-welfare/cannabis-use-and-pets
  41. Ibid.
  42. Legal Marijuana Use in Colorado
    https://cannabis.colorado.gov/legal-marijuana-use-in-colorado
  43. Nevada Veterinarians Can Treat Patients With Certain Cannabis Products
    https://www.avma.org/javma-news/2021-10-01/nevada-veterinarians-can-treat-patients-certain-cannabis-products
  44. Hemp Oil for Pets: Everything You Need to Know
    https://veterinarycannabissociety.org/hemp-oil-for-pets-everything-you-need-to-know/
  45. Hemp Oil for Pets: Everything You Need to Know
    https://veterinarycannabissociety.org/hemp-oil-for-pets-everything-you-need-to-know/
  46. Osteosarcoma in Dogs
    https://vcahospitals.com/know-your-pet/osteosarcoma-in-dogs
  47. CBD Oil for Dogs: What You Need to Know
    https://www.akc.org/expert-advice/health/cbd-oil-dogs/
  48. Oral Transmucosal Cannabidiol Oil Formulation as Part of a Multimodal Analgesic Regimen: Effects on Pain Relief and Quality of Life Improvement in Dogs Affected by Spontaneous Osteoarthritis
    https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/10/9/1505
  49. Combination Therapy With Cannabidiol and Chemotherapeutics in Canine Urothelial Carcinoma Cells
    https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0255591
  50. Ibid.
  51. CBD Oil for Dogs: What You Need to Know
    https://www.akc.org/expert-advice/health/cbd-oil-dogs/
  52. FAQs About CBD Use in Pets
    https://www.aspcapro.org/resource/faqs-about-cbd-use-pets#:~:text=Q%3A%20What%20are%20the%20most,occasionally%20occur%20with%20large%20ingestions.
  53. Current Status of Canine Melanoma Diagnosis and Therapy: Report From a Colloquium on Canine Melanoma Organized by ABROVET (Brazilian Association of Veterinary Oncology)
    https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2021.707025/full
  54. Healing With CBD, page 115.
    https://drive.google.com/file/d/1AGlxnhS2SoFeOXEuysv75bd_C9pEnwsU/view
  55. Promising Research on the Use of CBD to Treat Canine Cancer
    https://www.akcchf.org/educational-resources/library/articles/promising-research-on-the-use.html
  56. The Effect of Cannabidiol on Canine Neoplastic Cell Proliferation and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Activation During Autophagy and Apoptosis
    https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/vco.12669
  57. CBD Oil for Dogs: What You Need to Know
    https://www.akc.org/expert-advice/health/cbd-oil-dogs/
  58. Single-Dose Pharmacokinetics and Preliminary Safety Assessment with Use of CBD-Rich Hemp Nutraceutical in Healthy Dogs and Cats
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6826847/
  59. How to Talk to Your Veterinarian About CBD Oil for Dogs
    https://www.akc.org/expert-advice/health/talk-veterinarian-cbd-oil/
  60. Hemp Oil for Pets: Everything You Need to Know
    https://veterinarycannabissociety.org/hemp-oil-for-pets-everything-you-need-to-know/
  61. Healing With CBD, page 180.
    https://drive.google.com/file/d/1AGlxnhS2SoFeOXEuysv75bd_C9pEnwsU/view
  62. Ibid.
  63. Nevada Veterinarians Can Treat Patients With Certain Cannabis Products
    https://www.avma.org/javma-news/2021-10-01/nevada-veterinarians-can-treat-patients-certain-cannabis-products

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