Best CBD Oil for Stomach Ulcers
Are you interested in the possible health benefits of CBD for stomach ulcers? Read on to know essential information that may help you choose the best CBD oil for you.
Best CBD Oil for Stomach Ulcers 2025
- Spruce 750mg Lab Grade CBD Oil Editor's Pick
- NuLeaf Naturals 900mg Full Spectrum Hemp CBD Oil Best Organic
- Spruce 2400mg Lab Grade CBD Oil Editor's Pick
- Avida Full Spectrum CBD Oil Tincture 500mg Best Seller
- cbdMD CBD Oil Tincture Natural 1500mg Best Natural Alternative
- CBDistillery THC Free CBD Oil Tinctures Best THC-Free
- cbdMD CBD Oil Tincture Natural 750mg Best Customer Rated
- NuLeaf Naturals 300mg Full Spectrum Hemp CBD Oil Best Starter
- Hemp Bombs 750mg CBD Oil Best Flavor Range
- Royal CBD Full Spectrum CBD Oil Most Transparent
Compare the Best CBD Oil for Stomach Ulcers in 2022
Best CBD Oil for Stomach Ulcers
1. Spruce 750mg Lab Grade CBD Oil
cbdc overall score
4.8
CBDC Evaluation Table/Score
Pros | Cons |
---|---|
Mid-strength |
No other flavors |
Natural peppermint flavor |
|
Made from 100% organic and natural ingredients |
Overview
Each bottle of the 750mg CBD oil tincture contains 25mg of CBD per dropper full. The oil is peppermint flavor to mask any unpleasant tastes related to CBD.
2. NuLeaf Naturals 900mg Full Spectrum Hemp CBD Oil
cbdc overall score
5.0
CBDC Evaluation Table/Score
Pros | Cons |
---|---|
Pure CBD hemp |
No other flavors |
All natural |
|
Approximately 300 drops total |
Overview
Natural remedy for various illnesses. NuLeaf Naturals’ CBD oil is a whole-plant extract containing a full spectrum of naturally occurring synergistic cannabinoids and terpenes.
3. Spruce 2400mg Lab Grade CBD Oil
cbdc overall score
5.0
CBDC Evaluation Table/Score
Pros | Cons |
---|---|
Extra Strength |
Tastes bitter |
No artificial flavoring or colors |
No THC-free option |
Made from 100% organic and natural ingredients |
Overview
The largest bottle of CBD oil that Spruce offers contains 2,400mg of CBD. This is full-spectrum CBD oil, which is the maximum possible potency. Each high potency dropper full contains 80mg of CBD. There are no flavorings in it, which allows for the most CBD to fit in the 30ml bottle.
4. Avida Full Spectrum CBD Oil Tincture 500mg
cbdc overall score
4.6
CBDC Evaluation Table/Score
Pros | Cons |
---|---|
Light Spearmint flavor |
No other flavor |
Non-THC, Non-detected in drug test |
Overview
Avida Extracts Full Spectrum CBD oil is the latest iteration of the brand’s advanced Avida CORE Spectrum technology. They use a proprietary full spectrum blend, resulting in the highest naturally occurring Phyto-cannabinoids and Terpenes with THC (<0.3) to support your health.
5. cbdMD CBD Oil Tincture Natural 1500mg
cbdc overall score
4.7
CBDC Evaluation Table/Score
Pros | Cons |
---|---|
Various delicious flavors to choose from |
cbdMD uses MCT as its carrier oil so individuals who are allergic with coconuts should consider other brand options |
Has vegan, organic, and gluten-free ingredients |
|
Free shipping for this particular product within USA |
|
World-class customer service team |
Overview
cbdMD’s CBD oil tinctures are made using only CBD sourced from medical hemp and MCT oil as a carrier oil. Tinctures are offered in orange, mint, natural, and berry flavors. Safe for daily use, the oil tinctures are packaged with a built-in rubber dropper to adjust CBD dosage easily. The packaging is made to be easy to transport and discreet to use.
6. CBDistillery THC Free CBD Oil Tinctures
cbdc overall score
4.4
CBDC Evaluation Table/Score
Pros | Cons |
---|---|
60-Day Satisfaction Guarantee |
Dropper is a bit shaky |
Various strengths |
|
Oil extracted from aerial plant parts of US grown industrial hemp |
|
Sourced from non-GMO industrial hemp grown in the USA through natural farming practices |
Overview
CBDistillery’s Isolate CBD Oil Tinctures harness the power of pure CBD. CBD Isolate Oil Tinctures include 0.0% THC. When you use CBDistillery CBD Isolate Oil Tinctures, you can be assured you’re using the highest quality CBD on the market.
7. NuLeaf Naturals 300mg Full Spectrum Hemp CBD Oil
cbdc overall score
4.6
CBDC Evaluation Table/Score
Pros | Cons |
---|---|
Pure CBD hemp |
No other flavors |
All natural |
A bit pricey compared to competitors |
Approximately 100 drops total |
Overview
This is one of several concentrations from NuLeaf Naturals. As the lowest concentration, it is the company’s best option for those new to CBD oil. The product is lab-tested and fully organic. It is full-spectrum, so it contains THC in small quantities.
8. cbdMD CBD Oil Tincture Natural 750mg
cbdc overall score
4.4
CBDC Evaluation Table/Score
Pros | Cons |
---|---|
Vegan and Gluten free |
Does not ship internationally |
Has a third-party lab test |
|
Wide variety of CBD strengths and sizes |
Overview
A 750mg bottle of cbdMD’s Broad Spectrum Oil Tincture does not contain THC. It also has a fairly wide flavor range which is perfect for those who prefer other taste. Vegan consumers are considered since cbdMD offers Vegan products. Aside from all of that, another reason why people love cbdMD is because it’s free from harmful chemicals.
9. Hemp Bombs 750mg CBD Oil
cbdc overall score
3.9
CBDC Evaluation Table/Score
Pros | Cons |
---|---|
Wide variety of flavors |
Incomplete information about the product |
Lab test results are complete |
Does not ship to all international countries |
30-day money-back guarantee |
Overview
Hemp Bombs offer CBD Oil Tinctures that come in a 30ml bottle containing 750mg of CBD. They provide a wide range of flavors perfect for those that have a knack for sweets. Consumers can safely intake this because it’s free of chemicals and pesticides. Hemp Bombs also offer a 20% off on products upon subscription.
10. Royal CBD Full Spectrum CBD Oil
cbdc overall score
3.7
CBDC Evaluation Table/Score
Pros | Cons |
---|---|
Rich in phytochemicals including CBD, CBC, CBG, and a variety of flavorful terpenes |
Shipping not specified on website |
More flavors to choose from |
3rd party lab result is currently not available on website |
Extracts contain a whole array of cannabinoids and terpenes from the hemp plant — rather than pure CBD isolate |
Overview
Excellent products and superb customer service. Whenever you want to ask them about the dosage, recommended consumption methods, or which CBD oil will work best for you, just give them a call, send them a message, or get in touch with their social media channels. They won’t leave you with any unanswered questions.
How CBD May Help With Stomach Ulcers
Stomach ulcers, also called gastric ulcers, are a kind of peptic ulcer disease characterized as open sores that emerge on the stomach’s inner lining or the upper part of the small intestine (duodenum)(1).
One of the major symptoms of stomach ulcers is burning pain, usually in the upper abdomen or stomach, often mistaken as heartburn. This stomach pain may last for a short time or be felt for a few hours(2).
Studies have discussed that CBD (cannabidiol) may contain pain-relieving properties that may help with chronic pain(3).
Cannabidiol, more generally known for its name CBD, is a non-psychoactive compound of the cannabis plant(4).
This compound may interact with the body’s endocannabinoid system (ECS)(5).
The ECS balances different bodily functions, such as gastrointestinal function in the digestive system(6).
The endocannabinoid system consists of cannabinoid receptors 1 and 2 (CB1 and CB2) located in the immune and nervous systems.
CB1 receptors play an important role in pain regulation, whereas CB2 stimulates your body’s anti-inflammatory response(7).
These two receptors may produce analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects when they interact with CBD(8).
Stomach ulcers may also induce nausea and vomiting, weight loss, heartburn, and appetite loss(9).
Cannabidiol may interact with 5-HT1A receptors, also called serotonin receptors(10).
Serotonin is a chemical hormone that may affect nausea and vomiting(11).
The purported properties of CBD may offer ease and comfort to individuals suffering from stomach ulcers.
Benefits of Using CBD for Stomach Ulcers
Scientific evidence and studies suggest that cannabinoids such as CBD and THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) may contain therapeutic properties that may help with gastrointestinal issues, like stomach ulcers.
THC (tetrahydrocannabinol), a compound with psychoactive properties, is found in the cannabis plant(12).
Research in 2016 indicated that the cannabinoids’ stimulation of the CB1 receptor may hinder gastric acid secretion in both human and animal models(13).
A different study published in the journal Current Neuropharmacology showed that the direct activation of CB1 receptors by plant-derived cannabinoids like CBD and THC may reduce gastric motor activity and gastric acid secretion and lessen the formation of lesions in the lining of the stomach(14).
Stomach ulcers are described as sores in the stomach lining or small intestines(15).
A published study from the British Journal of Pharmacology noted that CBD may contain properties that may reduce nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing chemotherapy(16).
Nausea and vomiting are common symptoms associated with stomach ulcers(17).
Gastric ulcers may be caused by the H. pylori (Helicobacter pylori) bacteria infecting the stomach(18).
This bacteria may stick to the digestive tract’s mucosal lining and cause irritation and inflammation, leading to the protective lining breaking down(19).
The stomach has strong acids for digesting food. Without the protective mucus layer, the acid may damage stomach tissue, leading to ulcers(20).
Research has noted that CBD may contain anti-inflammatory properties(21).
Individuals who frequently take pain relievers, also called non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), like aspirin or ibuprofen, are more prone to developing gastric or duodenal ulcers, especially if the drugs were taken in high doses(22).
Meanwhile, CBD may possess analgesic properties that may alleviate different types of chronic pain(23). The compound is also safe and well tolerated by humans(24).
There is no definitive evidence that CBD oil may heal stomach ulcers. However, the compound’s purported medicinal benefits may help with managing symptoms of stomach ulcers.
How to Use CBD Oil for Stomach Ulcers
There are various ways to take CBD for stomach ulcers. The most common CBD administration methods are(25):
- Ingestion
- Sublingual (under the tongue)
- Inhalation
- Topical absorption
Ingesting CBD is one potential option for people suffering from stomach ulcers. The compound is delivered directly to the gastrointestinal tract before the compound is absorbed by the liver(26).
CBD edibles are available in gummies and capsules.
You may also take CBD oil through sublingual administration using tinctures or oromucosal sprays. Individuals may apply a few CBD oil drops under the tongue and then swallow after two minutes.
This holding period allows the mouth’s mucous membranes to absorb the CBD oil tincture.
Inhaling or vaping CBD through vape pens offers the quickest way for individuals to feel the effects of the compound due to its direct passage into the bloodstream(27).
However, vaping or smoking may lead to lung injury or severe pulmonary diseases, so caution is advised(28).
Lastly, CBD topical products, such as creams, lotions, balms, and salves, are used for localized pain relief(29).
You may massage CBD topicals on your abdomen to help alleviate abdominal pains caused by stomach ulcers.
Talk to your doctor first so they may recommend the best CBD oil product to help manage your digestive problems.
CBD Dosage for Stomach Ulcers
The FDA (Food and Drug Administration) has not authorized the use of CBD as a potential medical treatment for stomach ulcers. Thus, there is no standard CBD dosage for the medical condition.
However, several factors may influence CBD dosages, like the individual’s diet, exercise, stress levels, genetics, and health conditions(30).
In addition, if you are considering trying CBD, you may start with a lower dosage(31).
Clinical research suggests that 10 milligrams (mg) of CBD per day when using CBD products is a good starting point. If the product has THC, you should consider taking a lower initial dose of 1 to 2.5mg(32).
One study also indicated that humans may tolerate up to 1,500 mg of CBD each day(33).
How Long Does CBD Take to Help With Stomach Ulcers?
There are no clinical trials or comprehensive studies which specifically determine CBD’s onset time for gastritis or gastric ulcers.
However, one study hypothesized that orally administered CBD products may need around 30 minutes to an hour to take effect(34).
Sublingual administration has an onset time of about 15 to 30 minutes(35).
Meanwhile, CBD taken through vaping or inhalation may require around 2 to 15 minutes(36).
How Long Will CBD Help With Stomach Ulcers?
There are insufficient studies on the time it takes for CBD to maintain its effects for managing symptoms of stomach ulcers.
A study in 2018 indicated that 5mg to 20mg doses of CBD oromucosal sprays may have a half-life of 1.4 and 10.9 hours(37).
A drug’s half-life refers to the period for the medication to reduce its quantity or concentration in the body by 50%.
Another study noted that CBD taken through inhalation may remain effective for two to four hours, while CBD edibles’ effects may last for approximately six to eight hours(38).
Can CBD Worsen Stomach Ulcers?
There is no official research regarding the safety of CBD oil for gastric ulcers or if the compound may worsen or cause stomach ulcers.
However, according to a report from the World Health Organization (WHO), CBD is well tolerated by humans and has a good safety profile(39).
Still, it is vital to consult your physician or a medical professional before taking CBD products for your medical condition.
Risks and Side Effects of Using CBD for Stomach Ulcers
CBD is safe and well tolerated by people, according to a World Health Organization (WHO) report(40).
However, users may experience mild side effects of CBD, such as dry mouth, drowsiness, fatigue, diarrhea, and reduced appetite(41).
CBD products may also have a grapefruit warning, which indicates that CBD may interfere with the effects of prescription medications for specific medical issues, such as stomach ulcers(42).
This interference may prevent drugs from getting absorbed by the system(43).
Medications that commonly have a grapefruit warning are(44):
- antibiotics
- blood pressure medications
- blood thinners
- cholesterol medications
- immunosuppressants
- pain medications
The severity of the interactions between the medication and grapefruit may differ depending on the amount of grapefruit consumed, the drug’s composition, and the individual’s medical condition(45).
Legality of CBD
In recent years, under the 2018 Farm Bill, CBD products that contain less than 0.3% THC are federally legal in the U.S. (United States)(46).
Additionally, the law authorizes the growth, cultivation, and production of hemp plants.
Still, it is essential to note that despite CBD’s availability, the legality of medical marijuana may differ depending on the state(47).
Some states also impose laws that restrict CBD products’ THC levels(48).
It is vital to review your state laws regarding the use of medical marijuana in order to avoid possible legal repercussions.
Alternative Treatment for Stomach Ulcers
Stomach ulcers may potentially heal on their own. However, it is best to treat the issue immediately. Otherwise, ulcers may lead to more severe health issues(49).
Some alternative treatments for stomach ulcers include(50):
Lifestyle Changes
- Lose weight
- Avoid trigger foods, such as coffee, chocolate, and fatty or spicy foods
- Eat smaller meals or eat within 3 to 4 hours before going to bed
- Quit smoking
- Reduce alcohol intake
Medication
Practices involving medications for stomach ulcers may include taking drugs to eliminate the presence of the H. pylori bacterium and limiting or reducing the intake of NSAIDs or medicines that may decrease acid production(51).
These drugs are the following(52):
- Antibiotic medications to eliminate H. pylori. Your physician may prescribe antibiotics to eradicate the bacteria H. pylori found in your digestive tract. These antibiotics include amoxicillin (Amoxil), metronidazole (Flagyl), tetracycline, and levofloxacin.
You may be required to take these medicines for two weeks in addition to taking drugs to reduce stomach acids, such as bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol).
- Medications that promote healing and block the production of acid. Drugs that decrease stomach acid by blocking the parts of the cells which produce said acids are called proton pump inhibitors (PPIs).
These medications may come in prescription and over-the-counter forms such as omeprazole (Prilosec), rabeprazole (Aciphex), esomeprazole (Nexium), lansoprazole (Prevacid), and pantoprazole (Protonix).
However, taking these drugs for an extended period, especially in high doses, may increase the risk of wrist, hip, or spine fractures. Talk to your physician about using calcium supplements that may lessen this risk.
- Medications that lessen the production of acid. Histamine (H-2) blockers, also called acid blockers, reduce the production of stomach acid in your digestive tract. Such an action helps relieve pain from the ulcer and promotes healing.
Some prescription and over-the-counter acid blockers are cimetidine (Tagamet HB), nizatidine (Axid AR), and famotidine (Pepcid AC).
- Drugs that neutralize stomach acid or antacids. Your medical provider may recommend you an antacid that counteracts the existing stomach acid and give instant pain relief.
However, antacids may cause diarrhea or constipation and are only used for temporary symptom relief, not healing.
Product Frequently
Asked Questions
-
How can CBD help with stomach ulcers?
Common symptoms of stomach ulcers are burning abdominal or stomach pain, nausea, and vomiting(53).
Studies have indicated that CBD may possess analgesic(54), anti-inflammatory(55), and antiemetic(56) effects.
Such properties may be promising in the management of symptoms of stomach ulcers.
-
What evidence or research exists to say that CBD helps with stomach ulcers?
Research has suggested that CBD and THC may activate CB1 receptors, which may lessen gastric acid secretion and reduce the formation of lesions in the stomach lining(57).
Stomach ulcers are characterized as sores in the lining of the stomach(58).
Another study noted that CBD may contain therapeutic effects that may decrease nausea and vomiting in individuals undergoing chemotherapy(59).
Nausea and vomiting are symptoms of stomach or gastric ulcers(60).
-
Is there any evidence that CBD can make stomach ulcers worse?
No research has indicated that CBD can make stomach ulcers worse.
According to the World Health Organization‘s (WHO) assessment, CBD is safe, non-addictive, and well tolerated by the body(61-62).
-
Will CBD interact with any current medication I may be taking for stomach ulcers?
CBD may contain a grapefruit warning(63), which may interfere with the efficacy of some medications prescribed for stomach ulcers, like antibiotics(64).
-
Are there other treatments I should consider alongside CBD to help with stomach ulcers?
Alternative treatments for dealing with stomach ulcers may include lifestyle changes, such as losing weight, avoiding certain foods like fatty or spicy foods, eating smaller meals, and quitting smoking and drinking alcohol(65).
Individuals may also take medications, such as antibiotics, antacids, and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)(66).
-
Can I fail a drug test if I use CBD for stomach ulcers?
CBD is a non-psychoactive compound. Thus, it will not cause a euphoric high(67).
However, most CBD products have small amounts of THC that may build up in the body when taken frequently(68).
An elevated THC level in the bloodstream may result in a positive drug test.
-
What is the CBD dosage for stomach ulcers?
There is no set dosage of CBD oil for stomach ulcers. The doses may differ depending on your diet, exercise, genetics, and medical condition(69).
Additionally, as a general rule of thumb, individuals should initially start by taking lower doses of CBD, especially if it is an individual’s first time to use CBD products(70).
Speaking to a physician or medical practitioner for advice on the appropriate dosage of CBD for stomach ulcers is best.
-
What are the side effects of CBD oil on stomach ulcers?
CBD may cause mild side effects, such as dry mouth, reduced appetite, diarrhea, fatigue, and drowsiness(71).
However, according to the WHO, cannabidiol is a non-addictive compound that is safe and well tolerated by the body(72).
Nevertheless, it is essential to speak to your physician before taking CBD for your medical condition.
- Stomach ulcer
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/stomach-ulcer/ - Symptoms Stomach ulcer
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/stomach-ulcer/symptoms/ - Cannabinoids in the management of difficult to treat pain
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2503660/ - The Endocannabinoid System, Our Universal Regulator
https://www.jyi.org/2018-june/2018/6/1/the-endocannabinoid-system-our-universal-regulator - The Endocannabinoid System, Our Universal Regulator
https://www.jyi.org/2018-june/2018/6/1/the-endocannabinoid-system-our-universal-regulator - Endocannabinoids in the Gut
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4940133/ - Cannabinoids and Pain: New Insights From Old Molecules
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2018.01259/full - CBD oil: What is it and how does it work?
https://www.eehealth.org/blog/2019/09/cbd-oil/ - Peptic ulcer
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/peptic-ulcer/symptoms-causes/syc-20354223 - Cannabidiol modulates serotonergic transmission and reverses both allodynia and anxiety-like behavior in a model of neuropathic pain
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30157131/ - Nausea and vomiting
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18321441/ - Cannabidiol (CBD)
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK556048/ - Gastric acid inhibitory and gastric protective effects of Cannabis and cannabinoids
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27261847/ - Role of Cannabinoids in Gastrointestinal Mucosal Defense and Inflammation
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5333598/ - Stomach ulcer
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/stomach-ulcer/ - Regulation of nausea and vomiting by cannabinoids
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3165951/ - Peptic ulcer
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/peptic-ulcer/symptoms-causes/syc-20354223 - Peptic Ulcer Disease
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/10350-peptic-ulcer-disease#management-and-treatment - ibid.
- ibid.
- Cannabinoids as novel anti-inflammatory drugs
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2828614/ - Stomach ulcer
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/stomach-ulcer/causes/ - Cannabidiol (CBD)-what we know and what we don’t
https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/cannabidiol-cbd-what-we-know-and-what-we-dont-2018082414476 - Cannabidiol (CBD) Critical Review Report.
https://www.who.int/medicines/access/controlled-substances/CannabidiolCriticalReview.pdf - Healing With CBD, page 189.
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1AGlxnhS2SoFeOXEuysv75bd_C9pEnwsU/view - Healing With CBD, pages 202-203.
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1AGlxnhS2SoFeOXEuysv75bd_C9pEnwsU/view - Best way to take CBD
https://www.projectcbd.org/guidance/best-way-take-cbd - Outbreak of Lung Injury Associated with the Use of E-Cigarette, or Vaping, Products
https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/basic_information/e-cigarettes/severe-lung-disease.html - Healing with CBD. page. 210.
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1AGlxnhS2SoFeOXEuysv75bd_C9pEnwsU/view - CBD dosing
https://www.projectcbd.org/guidance/cbd-dosing - ibid.
- Page 218 of Healing With CBD
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1AGlxnhS2SoFeOXEuysv75bd_C9pEnwsU/view - Safety and Side Effects of Cannabidiol, a Cannabis sativa Constituent
https://doi.org/10.2174/157488611798280924 - page 191 of Healing With CBD
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1AGlxnhS2SoFeOXEuysv75bd_C9pEnwsU/view - page 192 of Healing With CBD
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1AGlxnhS2SoFeOXEuysv75bd_C9pEnwsU/view - page 190 of Healing With CBD
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1AGlxnhS2SoFeOXEuysv75bd_C9pEnwsU/view - A Systematic Review on the Pharmacokinetics of Cannabidiol in Humans
https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2018.01365 - page 190-191 of Healing With CBD
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1AGlxnhS2SoFeOXEuysv75bd_C9pEnwsU/view - Cannabinoid (CBD) Pre-Review Report, page 14.
https://www.who.int/medicines/access/controlled-substances/5.2_CBD.pdf - Cannabidiol (CBD), page 5.
https://www.who.int/medicines/access/controlled-substances/CannabidiolCriticalReview.pdf - What are the benefits of CBD — and is it safe to use?
https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/consumer-health/expert-answers/is-cbd-safe-and-effective/faq-20446700 - Peptic Ulcer Disease
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/10350-peptic-ulcer-disease#management-and-treatment - Potential Adverse Drug Events and Drug–Drug Interactions with Medical and Consumer Cannabidiol (CBD) Use
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6678684/ - Consumer health
https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/consumer-health/expert-answers/food-and-nutrition/faq-20057918 - Grapefruit Juice and Some Drugs Don’t Mix
https://www.fda.gov/consumers/consumer-updates/grapefruit-juice-and-some-drugs-dont-mix - Farm bill
https://www.usda.gov/farmbill - States with Legal Cannabidiol (CBD)
https://medicalmarijuana.procon.org/states-with-legal-cannabidiol-cbd/ - Legal Medical Marijuana States and DC
https://medicalmarijuana.procon.org/legal-medical-marijuana-states-and-dc/ - Peptic Ulcer Disease
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/10350-peptic-ulcer-disease - Stomach Ulcer
https://patient.info/digestive-health/dyspepsia-indigestion/stomach-ulcer-gastric-ulcer - Peptic ulcer
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/peptic-ulcer/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20354229 - ibid.
- Symptoms Stomach ulcer
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/stomach-ulcer/symptoms/ - Cannabinoids in the management of difficult to treat pain
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2503660/ - Cannabinoids as novel anti-inflammatory drugs
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2828614/ - Regulation of nausea and vomiting by cannabinoids
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3165951/ - Role of Cannabinoids in Gastrointestinal Mucosal Defense and Inflammation
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5333598/ - Stomach ulcer
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/stomach-ulcer/ - Regulation of nausea and vomiting by cannabinoids
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3165951/ - Peptic ulcer
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/peptic-ulcer/symptoms-causes/syc-20354223 - Cannabinoid (CBD) Pre-Review Report, page 14.
https://www.who.int/medicines/access/controlled-substances/5.2_CBD.pdf - Cannabidiol (CBD), page 5.
https://www.who.int/medicines/access/controlled-substances/CannabidiolCriticalReview.pdf - Potential Adverse Drug Events and Drug–Drug Interactions with Medical and Consumer Cannabidiol (CBD) Use
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6678684/ - Peptic Ulcer Disease
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/10350-peptic-ulcer-disease#management-and-treatment - Stomach Ulcer
https://patient.info/digestive-health/dyspepsia-indigestion/stomach-ulcer-gastric-ulcer - Peptic ulcer
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/peptic-ulcer/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20354229 - Cannabidiol (CBD)-what we know and what we don’t
https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/cannabidiol-cbd-what-we-know-and-what-we-dont-2018082414476 - Can You Take CBD and Pass a Drug Test?
https://www.consumerreports.org/cbd/can-you-take-cbd-and-pass-a-drug-test/ - CBD Dosing
https://www.projectcbd.org/guidance/cbd-dosing - ibid.
- What are the benefits of CBD — and is it safe to use?
https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/consumer-health/expert-answers/is-cbd-safe-and-effective/faq-20446700 - Cannabinoid (CBD) Pre-Review Report, page 14.
https://www.who.int/medicines/access/controlled-substances/5.2_CBD.pdf