Best CBD for Hemophilia

Are you planning to use cannabidiol (CBD) products to reduce symptoms of hemophilia, such as swollen joints, bleeding gums, and frequent nosebleeds? Read on and find out how CBD products such as the best CBD oil for hemophilia may help promote wellness and relieve symptoms of the bleeding disorder.

Rating
Highlights

Editor's Choice

Spruce 750mg Lab Grade CBD Oil

4.8 out of 5
  1. Peppermint flavor masks any unpleasant taste
  2. Contains 25mg of CBD per dropper full
  3. Bottle includes a graduated dropper for correct serving measurement

Best CBD Purity

NuLeaf Naturals 900mg Full Spectrum Hemp CBD Oil

5.0 out of 5
  1. Natural remedy for various illnesses
  2. Product is full-spectrum whole-plant extract
  3. Contains naturally occurring synergistic cannabinoids and terpenes

Best High Potency

Spruce 2400mg Lab Grade CBD Oil

5.0 out of 5
  1. Maximum possible potency
  2. Each dropper full contains 80mg of CBD
  3. Conveniently fits in a 30mL bottle

Best Value

Avida Full Spectrum CBD Oil Tincture 500mg

4.6 out of 5
  1. Proprietary full-spectrum
  2. Developed using advanced AVIDA CORE Spectrum Technology
  3. Highest naturally occurring Phyto-cannabinoids and Terpenes with THC (<0.3)

Best Value

cbdMD CBD Oil Tincture Natural 1500mg

4.7 out of 5
  1. Made using only CBD sourced from medical hemp
  2. Available in many flavours
  3. Safe for daily use

Best THC Free

CBDistillery THC Free CBD Oil Tinctures

4.4 out of 5
  1. Do not contain THC
  2. Available in different potencies and sizes
  3. Brand has special deals and offers

Best Customer Rated

cbdMD CBD Oil Tincture Natural 750mg

4.4 out of 5
  1. THC-free
  2. Has plenty of flavours to choose from
  3. Totally vegan

Best For Beginners

NuLeaf Naturals 300mg Full Spectrum Hemp CBD Oil

4.6 out of 5
  1. Lowest concentration for CBD beginners
  2. Fully organic and lab-tested
  3. Full-spectrum

Best Flavor Range

Hemp Bombs 750mg CBD Oil

3.9 out of 5
  1. Has a wide range of flavours
  2. Safe to intake
  3. Get 20% off when you avail of their subscription

Best CBD for Hemophilia 2024

  1. Spruce 750mg Lab Grade CBD Oil Editor's Pick
  2. NuLeaf Naturals 900mg Full Spectrum Hemp CBD Oil Best Organic
  3. Spruce 2400mg Lab Grade CBD Oil Editor's Pick
  4. Avida Full Spectrum CBD Oil Tincture 500mg Best Seller
  5. cbdMD CBD Oil Tincture Natural 1500mg Best Natural Alternative
  6. CBDistillery THC Free CBD Oil Tinctures Best THC-Free
  7. cbdMD CBD Oil Tincture Natural 750mg Best Customer Rated
  8. NuLeaf Naturals 300mg Full Spectrum Hemp CBD Oil Best Starter
  9. Hemp Bombs 750mg CBD Oil Best Flavor Range


Compare the Best CBD for Hemophilia in 2022

Product Potency Purity Customer Service Type Extraction Transparency Absorption
Spruce 2400mg Lab Grade CBD Oil
4.8 out of 5
4.5 out of 5
4.5 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
4.5 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
NuLeaf Naturals 900mg Full Spectrum Hemp CBD Oil
5.0 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
4.0 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
Spruce 2400mg Lab Grade CBD Oil
5.0 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
4.0 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
Avida Full Spectrum CBD Oil Tincture 500mg
4.6 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
3.5 out of 5
3.0 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
4.5 out of 5
4.5 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
cbdMD CBD Oil Tincture Natural 1500mg
4.7 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
3.5 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
3.5 out of 5
4.5 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
4.0 out of 5
CBDistillery THC Free CBD Oil Tinctures
4.4 out of 5
3.5 out of 5
4.5 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
3.5 out of 5
4.5 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
4.5 out of 5
cbdMD CBD Oil Tincture Natural 750mg
4.4 out of 5
4.5 out of 5
3.5 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
3.5 out of 5
4.5 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
4.0 out of 5
NuLeaf Naturals 300mg Full Spectrum Hemp CBD Oil
4.6 out of 5
2.5 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
4.5 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
Hemp Bombs 750mg CBD Oil
3.9 out of 5
4.5 out of 5
3.5 out of 5
2.5 out of 5
3.5 out of 5
4.5 out of 5
5.0 out of 5
4.0 out of 5

Best CBD for Hemophilia

1. Spruce 750mg Lab Grade CBD Oil
cbdc overall score

4.8

CBDC Evaluation Table/Score
Potency

Purity

Customer Service

Type

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Transparency

Pros Cons

Mid-strength

No other flavors

Natural peppermint flavor

Made from 100% organic and natural ingredients

Overview

Each bottle of the 750mg CBD oil tincture contains 25mg of CBD per dropper full. The oil is peppermint flavor to mask any unpleasant tastes related to CBD.

2. NuLeaf Naturals 900mg Full Spectrum Hemp CBD Oil
cbdc overall score

5.0

CBDC Evaluation Table/Score
Potency

Purity

Customer Service

Type

Extraction

Absorption

Transparency

Pros Cons

Pure CBD hemp

No other flavors

All natural

Approximately 300 drops total

Overview

Natural remedy for various illnesses. NuLeaf Naturals’ CBD oil is a whole-plant extract containing a full spectrum of naturally occurring synergistic cannabinoids and terpenes.

3. Spruce 2400mg Lab Grade CBD Oil
cbdc overall score

5.0

CBDC Evaluation Table/Score
Potency

Purity

Customer Service

Type

Extraction

Absorption

Transparency

Pros Cons

Extra Strength

Tastes bitter

No artificial flavoring or colors

No THC-free option

Made from 100% organic and natural ingredients

Overview

The largest bottle of CBD oil that Spruce offers contains 2,400mg of CBD. This is full-spectrum CBD oil, which is the maximum possible potency. Each high potency dropper full contains 80mg of CBD. There are no flavorings in it, which allows for the most CBD to fit in the 30ml bottle.

4. Avida Full Spectrum CBD Oil Tincture 500mg
cbdc overall score

4.6

CBDC Evaluation Table/Score
Potency

Purity

Customer Service

Type

Extraction

Absorption

Transparency

Pros Cons

Light Spearmint flavor

No other flavor

Non-THC, Non-detected in drug test

Overview

Avida Extracts Full Spectrum CBD oil is the latest iteration of the brand’s advanced Avida CORE Spectrum technology. They use a proprietary full spectrum blend, resulting in the highest naturally occurring Phyto-cannabinoids and Terpenes with THC (<0.3) to support your health.

5. cbdMD CBD Oil Tincture Natural 1500mg
cbdc overall score

4.7

CBDC Evaluation Table/Score
Potency

Purity

Customer Service

Type

Extraction

Absorption

Transparency

Pros Cons

Various delicious flavors to choose from

cbdMD uses MCT as its carrier oil so individuals who are allergic with coconuts should consider other brand options

Has vegan, organic, and gluten-free ingredients

Free shipping for this particular product within USA

World-class customer service team

Overview

cbdMD’s CBD oil tinctures are made using only CBD sourced from medical hemp and MCT oil as a carrier oil. Tinctures are offered in orange, mint, natural, and berry flavors. Safe for daily use, the oil tinctures are packaged with a built-in rubber dropper to adjust CBD dosage easily. The packaging is made to be easy to transport and discreet to use.

6. CBDistillery THC Free CBD Oil Tinctures
cbdc overall score

4.4

CBDC Evaluation Table/Score
Potency

Purity

Customer Service

Type

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Transparency

Pros Cons

60-Day Satisfaction Guarantee

Dropper is a bit shaky

Various strengths

Oil extracted from aerial plant parts of US grown industrial hemp

Sourced from non-GMO industrial hemp grown in the USA through natural farming practices

Overview

CBDistillery’s Isolate CBD Oil Tinctures harness the power of pure CBD. CBD Isolate Oil Tinctures include 0.0% THC. When you use CBDistillery CBD Isolate Oil Tinctures, you can be assured you’re using the highest quality CBD on the market.

7. NuLeaf Naturals 300mg Full Spectrum Hemp CBD Oil
cbdc overall score

4.6

CBDC Evaluation Table/Score
Potency

Purity

Customer Service

Type

Extraction

Absorption

Transparency

Pros Cons

Pure CBD hemp

No other flavors

All natural

A bit pricey compared to competitors

Approximately 100 drops total

Overview

This is one of several concentrations from NuLeaf Naturals. As the lowest concentration, it is the company’s best option for those new to CBD oil. The product is lab-tested and fully organic. It is full-spectrum, so it contains THC in small quantities.

8. cbdMD CBD Oil Tincture Natural 750mg
cbdc overall score

4.4

CBDC Evaluation Table/Score
Potency

Purity

Customer Service

Type

Extraction

Absorption

Transparency

Pros Cons

Vegan and Gluten free

Does not ship internationally

Has a third-party lab test

Wide variety of CBD strengths and sizes

Overview

A 750mg bottle of cbdMD’s Broad Spectrum Oil Tincture does not contain THC. It also has a fairly wide flavor range which is perfect for those who prefer other taste. Vegan consumers are considered since cbdMD offers Vegan products. Aside from all of that, another reason why people love cbdMD is because it’s free from harmful chemicals.

9. Hemp Bombs 750mg CBD Oil
cbdc overall score

3.9

CBDC Evaluation Table/Score
Potency

Purity

Customer Service

Type

Extraction

Absorption

Transparency

Pros Cons

Wide variety of flavors

Incomplete information about the product

Lab test results are complete

Does not ship to all international countries

30-day money-back guarantee

Overview

Hemp Bombs offer CBD Oil Tinctures that come in a 30ml bottle containing 750mg of CBD. They provide a wide range of flavors perfect for those that have a knack for sweets. Consumers can safely intake this because it’s free of chemicals and pesticides. Hemp Bombs also offer a 20% off on products upon subscription.

How We Rank
Our Ratings

How CBD Helps With Hemophilia 

Hemophilia, or haemophilia, is a genetic bleeding disorder inducing abnormal blood clotting due to a deficiency of blood-clotting proteins(1). 

Platelets, minuscule cell fragments that form blood clots, stop or prevent bleeding(2).   

CBD may help relieve the symptoms of hemophilia by interacting with an individual’s endocannabinoid system (ECS). Cannabinoid receptors in the ECS may play a role in producing cytokine proteins related to inflammatory responses(3-4). 

Cannabis-derived cannabinoids may interact with cannabinoid receptors 1 (CB1 receptors) and cannabinoid receptors 2 (CB2 receptors) for pain management(5).  

CB1 receptors are mostly located in an individual’s central nervous system (CNS) and the brain. The receptors are related to pain sensation, motor regulation, appetite, sleep, mood, and memory processing. 

CB2 receptors exist within the immune system. These cannabinoid receptors play a role in reducing tissue damage and producing anti-inflammatory effects in tissues. 

A study suggested that CB1 and CB2 receptors may play a role in producing cytokines(6). These proteins are responsible for inflammatory responses(7).  

In addition, another study published in the NeuroMolecular Medicine journal hypothesized that the ECS may promote neuroprotective properties(8). 

An animal study published by the Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics showed that the ECS may regulate the duration and frequency of seizures in rats with epilepsy(9). 

Furthermore, according to research, cannabinoids may suppress nausea and vomiting by interacting with the CB1 receptors(10). 

Benefits and Uses of CBD for Hemophilia  

Research shows that CBD may interact with the ECS to help reduce acute and chronic pain, higher blood pressure, and vomiting and nausea(11–13). These symptoms are often associated with hemophilia(14-15).

The joint pain associated with hemophilia may develop into arthritis if untreated(16). Hemophilia-related bleeding may also lead to complications such as joint damage(17). 

An animal study showed that transdermal CBD applications reduced joint pain in arthritic rats(18). 

Transdermal CBD applications deliver CBD into the bloodstream through the skin. More research is necessitated to determine whether CBD produces similar results in human subjects. 

Another study showed that cannabidiol may reduce acute and chronic pain(19).

The Hemophilia Federation of America reported that individuals with hemophilia may experience hypertension (high blood pressure)(20). 

A study published in JCI insight hypothesized that CBD may lower resting blood pressure(21). 

In addition, head injuries may induce vomiting, nausea, and seizures among individuals with hemophilia(22). 

Researchers hypothesize that chronic administration of cannabidiol may reduce the convulsion episodes among individuals with epilepsy(23). 

Ensure to consult a healthcare professional with extensive experience in CBD for hemophilia before utilizing any CBD product. 

Individuals may consider hemophilia treatment centers and residential caregivers to help with therapy. 

These specialized services may help manage conditions such as viral hepatitis(24). A vast majority of individuals with bleeding disorders also have chronic hepatitis C infections,   

How Long Does CBD Take to Help Hemophilia?

There have been no studies on the amount of time required to experience the biological effects of CBD specific for hemophilia. 

However, there are data available on the onset times of CBD when delivered through various methods.

CBD may be administered through CBD topicals, such as CBD creams, CBD lotions, CBD balms, and CBD salves. You may feel localized effects within 10 minutes(25) of application.

CBD tinctures require sublingual administration under the tongue for one or two minutes before swallowing. 

The waiting period allows the mucus membrane to absorb the cannabinoid. You may experience the effects within 15 to 30 minutes after the application(26). 

CBD edibles like CBD gummies, CBD brownies, and CBD candies are CBD products that help conceal the earthy taste of cannabidiol. 

You may experience the biological effects of CBD edibles within 30 minutes to two hours(27).  CBD in these products must pass through an individual’s digestive system before the purported therapeutic effects can be experienced.

Meanwhile, CBD vape oil may produce biological effects within two minutes(28). However, note that vaping may worsen existing lung conditions(29). 

Inhaling vapor or smoke may also cause chemical irritation and allergic reactions(30).  

How Long Will CBD Help With Hemophilia?

Researchers have not conducted any studies specifically on the efficacy duration of CBD products for hemophilia. 

However, a 2018 review determined that the half-life of cannabidiol was two to five days after the test subjects took a daily oral dose(31).  

Half-life refers to the amount of time necessitated for a substance’s amount to reduce to half of its original value(32).

Meanwhile, past human and animal studies suggested that the bioavailability of cannabidiol ranges from 13% to 19%(33). 

Bioavailability denotes the degree and rate at which an active drug ingredient is absorbed and becomes available at the location of drug action(34).  

Is CBD Safe for People With Hemophilia?

The World Health Organization (WHO) surmised that CBD has a good safety profile(35). In its report, WHO noted research results suggesting that cannabidiol does not cause drug dependence. 

Meanwhile, desmopressin is used to treat hemophilia’s clotting disorders(36). The medicine may cause side effects, including increased heart rate, nausea, headaches, blood clots, and seizures. 

Individuals may also take over-the-counter (OTC) medicines to provide pain relief associated with hemophilia(37). 

OTC pain relievers such as Advil and Motrin may reduce inflammation and pain. However, these drugs may interfere with blood clotting(38). 

To avoid such potential side effects from prescription and OTC medicines, individuals may opt to use CBD as a natural alternative to reduce the symptoms of hemophilia. 

However, drug interactions between CBD and other medications may occur. Individuals interested in trying CBD should consult a hematologist before using CBD oil or other products for hemophilia. 

Risks and Side Effects of Using CBD for Hemophilia

Using cannabidiol products may cause side effects such as dry mouth, fatigue, drowsiness, appetite loss, and diarrhea(39).

Using CBD products may also induce problems with the liver’s drug metabolism(40). 

Before using CBD for hemophilia, ask a doctor for advice on dosing and possible drug interactions.

How to Choose CBD Oil for Hemophilia 

Here are guidelines for selecting the best CBD products for hemophilia.

Types of CBD

CBD oil may come in different types: full-spectrum CBD oil, broad-spectrum CBD oil, and CBD isolates. 

Full-spectrum CBD oil possesses all the naturally occurring compounds in the Cannabis sativa plant, including cannabinoids, flavonoids, terpenes, fatty acids, and essential oils. 

Flavonoids are water-soluble pigments extensively represented in plants. Terpenes are aromatic compounds that characterize plants’ distinct smells. 

A high-quality full-spectrum hemp extract contains higher cannabidiol levels than other cannabinoids. To improve the body’s absorption of CBD, manufacturers combine pure CBD oil with a carrier oil like hempseed oil or medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) oil. 

Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is among the cannabinoids present in full-spectrum CBD oil. THC is a psychoactive plant-based phytocannabinoid. 

The combination of cannabis plant compounds in full-spectrum CBD oil creates the entourage effect, producing synergy among the natural components.

Broad-spectrum CBD oil also includes all the chemical compounds in hemp. However, it is typically THC-free, making it non-psychoactive. Broad-spectrum CBD allows individuals to avoid the side effects of THC.   

A study hypothesized that cannabinoids in the Cannabis sativa plant, particularly THC and cannabinol (CBN), may produce an anticoagulation effect(41). 

Coagulation denotes the formation of blood clots. An anticoagulant reduces the risk of the formation of blood clots.     

Some individuals may search for a CBD oil that does not interfere with blood clots. Thus, CBD isolates may be a good choice as the pure CBD contains no other cannabinoids that may induce anticoagulation, such as THC(42). 

CBD isolates contain pure CBD extracts and typically contain no other cannabinoids present in hemp.

Tips to Select CBD Oil

Here are some guidelines for selecting the best CBD oil:

  • Ensure a CBD product is manufactured from organic hemp free of genetically modified organisms (non-GMO). Cannabidiol products derived from organic hemp contain less than 0.3% THC, the federal legal limit. 
  • Avoid CBD products manufactured from stalks and seeds of hemp plants. Stalks have a minimum amount of cannabidiol, while hempseeds contain no CBD. 
  • Locate the CBD product’s certificate of analysis (COA). The COA contains the third-party lab results to prove a CBD item has undergone independent and comprehensive lab testing. 
  • Examine whether the CBD product’s COA specifications, including CBD concentration and potency, match the specifications on the product label 

The COA verifies the CBD products do not have harmful contaminants, such as heavy metals, pesticides, residual solvents, and chemical additives. 

  • Seek a medical consultation from a doctor with experience in utilizing CBD products and medical marijuana before purchasing CBD products.

Legality of CBD

While most US states have legalized medical cannabis, the remaining states have legalized cannabidiol extracts(43). However, state restrictions may apply, depending on the form of CBD or the amount of THC allowed. 

The 2018 Farm Bill permits the use and distribution of hemp-derived cannabidiol products containing less than 3% of THC(44).  

In addition, the US Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) has reduced CBD research requirements for human clinical trials(45).  

Meanwhile, the FDA recommends that CBD brands include a disclaimer label on CBD products, stating that the item is not a dietary supplement(46). 

The Farm Bill removed hemp from the federal government’s list of Schedule I drugs(47). However, the FDA noted that marijuana remains a Schedule I drug. 

Substances listed under the Schedule I category contain addictive or abusive properties without clinically-based medical benefits. 

Before using or traveling with CBD, check applicable state laws regarding CBD use for medical purposes. 

What Is Hemophilia?

The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) defines hemophilia as an inherited blood disorder characterized by abnormal blood clotting(48). 

Hemophilia can be categorized as mild hemophilia, moderate hemophilia, or severe hemophilia.  

Hemophilia may cause bleeding episodes in the mouth, head, and joints, and nose bleeds. Bleeding can occur externally or internally. 

In addition, those with a family history of hemophilia may be susceptible to developing the condition(49). Hemophilia is passed down through the X chromosome.

The National Hemophilia Foundation (NHF) reported that two types of hemophilia exist dependent on the blood-clotting protein deficiency(50). They include Hemophilia A and Hemophilia B.

Hemophilia A results from a defective or missing factor VIII protein(51). Symptoms may include spontaneous bleeding or excessive bleeding.   

Meanwhile, Hemophilia B results from a missing or defective factor IX protein(52).

Individuals with Hemophilia A or B may develop antibodies known as inhibitors(53). Inhibitors are protective proteins.

Product Frequently
Asked Questions

  • How can CBD help with hemophilia?

    Cannabis-derived cannabinoids such as CBD may interact with CB1 and CB2 receptors for pain management(54). 

    CB1 and CB2 receptors may also play a role in producing cytokine proteins(55). These proteins are responsible for inflammatory responses(56). 

    The ECS may also help relieve symptoms of hemophilia. For example, cannabinoids may interact with the CB1 receptors to suppress vomiting and nausea(57).

  • What evidence exists that CBD helps with hemophilia?

    An animal study suggested that transdermal CBD applications reduced arthritic pain in rats with arthritis(58). More research is warranted to determine whether CBD can produce similar results in human subjects.  

    In another study, researchers hypothesized that CBD may reduce acute and chronic pain(59). 

    Individuals with hemophilia may experience hypertension(60). A study published in JCI insight suggested that CBD may lower an individual’s resting blood pressure(61).

  • Is there any evidence that CBD can make hemophilia worse?

    No human clinical trials suggest that CBD may worsen hemophilia. However, CBD may cause drowsiness, dry mouth, appetite loss, fatigue, and diarrhea(62).

  • Will CBD interact with any current medication I may be taking for hemophilia?

    There have been no clinical trials specific to CBD’s interaction with other drugs for hemophilia. 

    Meanwhile, CBD may lead to issues related to drug metabolism in the liver(63). CBD products may also alter the drug’s effects, causing a deficiency or excess of the compound in the system(64). 

    You should consult with your physician for guidance on dosing and possible CBD interaction with your current prescription medications.

  • Are there other treatments I should consider alongside CBD to help with hemophilia?

    Desmopressin can be used as a treatment for blood disorders(65). However, the hemophilia treatment may cause side effects, such as headaches, nausea, and seizures. 

    Other possible treatments include clotting factor replacement therapy(66). The process involves injecting blood proteins into a vein.  

    Meanwhile, studies suggest that CBD may help reduce pain, nausea, and convulsion episodes(67-69).

    Still, you should consult a medical specialist to determine how cannabidiol may interact with other drugs.

  • Can I fail a drug test if I use CBD for hemophilia?

    Long-term use of full-spectrum CBD products may increase the risks of failing a drug test. Full-spectrum CBD may produce an accumulation of THC that increases to detectable levels over time(70).

    If you are an athlete or want to avoid drug test risks, consider broad-spectrum CBD products. Broad-spectrum CBD products contain a wide array of compounds like full-spectrum CBD but are typically THC-free.

  • What is the proper dosage for hemophilia?

    The FDA has not approved a CBD dosing guide for hemophilia. However, a study hypothesizes that humans may safely tolerate up to 150mg of CBD(71).

    It is advisable to begin with a minimum dosage of CBD and then add small dosing increments until you achieve your desired results.

  • Is CBD safe for people with hemophilia?

    No studies indicate that CBD is safe for hemophilia. However, the World Health Organization recommends the safety profile of cannabidiol(72). 

    Consider asking your doctor about how cannabidiol interacts with your medical condition.

  • Is CBD for hemophilia legal?

    The US Farm Bill legalized CBD on the federal level for medical purposes(73). As a result, hemp-derived CBD products containing less than 0.3% THC are federally legal. 

    However, states may have different restrictions on CBD products based on the CBD type and the amount of THC(74).


  1. Hemophilia
    https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hemophilia/symptoms-causes/syc-20373327
  2. What are platelets in blood?
    https://www.redcrossblood.org/donate-blood/dlp/platelet-information.html
  3. Effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines on cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptors in immune cells
    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25704169/
  4. Cannabinoids as novel anti-inflammatory drugs.
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2828614/
  5. Role of the cannabinoid system in pain control and therapeutic implications for the management of acute and chronic pain episodes
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2430692/
  6. Effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines on cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptors in immune cells
    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25704169/
  7. Cannabinoids as novel anti-inflammatory drugs.
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2828614/
  8. Cannabinoid receptors and their role in neuroprotection
    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16052037/
  9. The endogenous cannabinoid system regulates seizure frequency and duration in a model of temporal lobe epilepsy
    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12954810/
  10. Regulation of nausea and vomiting by cannabinoids
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3165951/
  11. Cannabidiol (CBD) as a treatment of acute and chronic back pain: A case series and literature review
    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32421842/
  12. A single dose of cannabidiol reduces blood pressure in healthy volunteers in a randomized crossover study
    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28614793/
  13. Regulation of nausea and vomiting by cannabinoids
    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21175589/
  14. Hemophilia
    https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hemophilia/symptoms-causes/syc-20373327
  15. Blood pressure basics
    https://www.hemophiliafed.org/news-stories/2012/11/blood-pressure-basics/
  16. Hemophilia
    https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hemophilia/symptoms-causes/syc-20373327
  17. Introduction to hemophilia care
    https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/hemophilia/course/complications/joint-disease.html
  18. Transdermal cannabidiol reduces inflammation and pain-related behaviours in a rat model of arthritis
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4851925/
  19. Cannabidiol (CBD) as a treatment of acute and chronic back pain: A case series and literature review
    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32421842/
  20. Blood Pressure Basics
    https://www.hemophiliafed.org/news-stories/2012/11/blood-pressure-basics/
  21. A single dose of cannabidiol reduces blood pressure in healthy volunteers in a randomized crossover study
    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28614793/
  22. Head Bleeds
    https://www.hog.org/handbook/article/3/33/head-bleeds?fbclid=IwAR2S1COjTJHX9JEfF6uxb0JSY6Q7n3qCR-U6w2LvmluEuIMPie8PRtAWyIo
  23. Chronic administration of cannabidiol to healthy volunteers and epileptic patients
    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7413719/
  24. Hepatitis and hemophilia
    https://www.hemophilia.org/sites/default/files/document/files/nurses-guide-chapter-10-hepatitis-and-hemophilia.pdf
  25. Using CBD for Arthritis: Tips for How to Get Started
    https://creakyjoints.org/alternative-medicine/how-to-take-cbd-for-arthritis/
  26. Ibid.
  27. ibid.
  28. ibid.
  29. Pulmonary Toxicity and the Pathophysiology of Electronic Cigarette, or Vaping Product, Use Associated Lung Injury
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6971159/
  30. Can vaping damage your lungs? What we do (and don’t) know
    https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/can-vaping-damage-your-lungs-what-we-do-and-dont-know-2019090417734
  31. A Systematic Review on the Pharmacokinetics of Cannabidiol in Humans
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6275223/
  32. What is meant by half-life?
    https://atomic.lindahall.org/what-is-meant-by-half-life.html
  33. A Systematic Review on the Pharmacokinetics of Cannabidiol in Humans
    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30534073/
  34. Bioavailability and Bioequivalence in Drug Development
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4157693/
  35. Cannabidiol (CBD) critical review report
    https://www.who.int/medicines/access/controlled-substances/CannabidiolCriticalReview.pdf
  36. Desmopressin (DDVAP) for bleeding disorders
    https://www.childrensmn.org/educationmaterials/childrensmn/article/15668/desmopressin-ddavp-for-bleeding-disorders/
  37. Hemophilia Treatment
    https://www.ucsfhealth.org/conditions/hemophilia/treatment
  38. ibid.
  39. What are the benefits of CBD — and is it safe to use?
    https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/consumer-health/expert-answers/is-cbd-safe-and-effective/faq-20446700
  40. Safety and side effects of cannabidiol, a Cannabis sativa constituent
    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22129319/
  41. Anticoagulant effects of a Cannabis extract in an obese rat model
    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16644197/
  42. ibid.
  43. States with Legal Cannabidiol (CBD) https://medicalmarijuana.procon.org/states-with-legal-cannabidiol-cbd/
  44. Farm Bill
    https://www.usda.gov/farmbill
  45. DEA Eases Requirements For FDA-Approved Clinical Trials On Cannabidiol
    https://www.dea.gov/press-releases/2015/12/23/dea-eases-requirements-fda-approved-clinical-trials-cannabidiol
  46. FDA Regulation of Cannabis and Cannabis-Derived Products, Including Cannabidiol (CBD)
    https://www.fda.gov/news-events/public-health-focus/fda-regulation-cannabis-and-cannabis-derived-products-including-cannabidiol-cbd
  47. The farm bill, hemp legalization and the status of CBD: An explainer fleaglity
    https://www.brookings.edu/blog/fixgov/2018/12/14/the-farm-bill-hemp-and-cbd-explainer/#cancel
  48. Hemophilia.
    https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/hemophilia/facts.html
  49. ibid.
  50. Types
    https://www.hemophilia.org/bleeding-disorders-a-z/types
  51. National Hemophilia Foundation. Hemophilia A. Retrieved from
    https://www.hemophilia.org/bleeding-disorders-a-z/types/hemophilia-a
  52. National Hemophilia Foundation. Hemophilia B
    https://www.hemophilia.org/bleeding-disorders-a-z/types/hemophilia-b
  53. Hemophilia – Inhibitors
    https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/hemophilia/inhibitors.html
  54. Role of the cannabinoid system in pain control and therapeutic implications for the management of acute and chronic pain episodes
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2430692/
  55. Effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines on cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptors in immune cells
    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25704169/
  56. Cannabinoids as novel anti-inflammatory drugs
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2828614/
  57. Regulation of nausea and vomiting by cannabinoids
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3165951/
  58. Transdermal cannabidiol reduces inflammation and pain-related behaviours in a rat model of arthritis
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4851925/
  59. Cannabidiol (CBD) as a treatment of acute and chronic back pain: A case series and literature review
    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32421842/
  60. Blood pressure basics
    https://www.hemophiliafed.org/news-stories/2012/11/blood-pressure-basics/
  61. A single dose of cannabidiol reduces blood pressure in healthy volunteers in a randomized crossover study
    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28614793/
  62. What are the benefits of CBD — and is it safe to use?
    https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/consumer-health/expert-answers/is-cbd-safe-and-effective/faq-20446700
  63. Safety and side effects of cannabidiol, a Cannabis sativa constituent
    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22129319/
  64. CBD and other medications: Proceed with caution
    https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/cbd-and-other-medications-proceed-with-caution-2021011121743
  65. Desmopressin (DDVAP) for bleeding disorders
    https://www.childrensmn.org/educationmaterials/childrensmn/article/15668/desmopressin-ddavp-for-bleeding-disorders/
  66. Clotting Factor Replacement for Hemophilia
    https://www.uofmhealth.org/health-library/hw190139
  67. Chronic administration of cannabidiol to healthy volunteers and epileptic patients
    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7413719/
  68. Cannabinoids suppress inflammatory and neuropathic pain by targeting α3 glycine receptors
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3371734/
  69. Regulation of nausea and vomiting by cannabinoids
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3165951/
  70. Can You Take CBD and Pass a Drug Test?
    https://www.consumerreports.org/cbd/can-you-take-cbd-and-pass-a-drug-test/
  71. Cannabidiol Adverse Effects and Toxicity
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7052834/
  72. Cannabidiol (CBD) critical review report
    https://www.who.int/medicines/access/controlled-substances/CannabidiolCriticalReview.pdf
  73. Farm Bill
    https://www.usda.gov/farmbill
  74. States with Legal Cannabidiol (CBD)
    https://medicalmarijuana.procon.org/states-with-legal-cannabidiol-cbd/

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