Best CBD Oil As Mood Stabilizer
Are you considering using CBD to help with mood stability? Read on to know how this non-psychoactive compound may be your natural option.
Best CBD Oil As Mood Stabilizer 2024
- Spruce 750mg Lab Grade CBD Oil Editor's Pick
- NuLeaf Naturals 900mg Full Spectrum Hemp CBD Oil Best Organic
- Spruce 2400mg Lab Grade CBD Oil Editor's Pick
- Avida Full Spectrum CBD Oil Tincture 500mg Best Seller
- cbdMD CBD Oil Tincture Natural 1500mg Best Natural Alternative
- CBDistillery THC Free CBD Oil Tinctures Best THC-Free
- cbdMD CBD Oil Tincture Natural 750mg Best Customer Rated
- NuLeaf Naturals 300mg Full Spectrum Hemp CBD Oil Best Starter
- Hemp Bombs 750mg CBD Oil Best Flavor Range
- Royal CBD Full Spectrum CBD Oil Most Transparent
Compare the Best CBD Oil As Mood Stabilizer 2022
Best CBD Oil As Mood Stabilizer
1. Spruce 750mg Lab Grade CBD Oil
cbdc overall score
4.8
CBDC Evaluation Table/Score
Pros | Cons |
---|---|
Mid-strength |
No other flavors |
Natural peppermint flavor |
|
Made from 100% organic and natural ingredients |
Overview
Each bottle of the 750mg CBD oil tincture contains 25mg of CBD per dropper full. The oil is peppermint flavor to mask any unpleasant tastes related to CBD.
2. NuLeaf Naturals 900mg Full Spectrum Hemp CBD Oil
cbdc overall score
5.0
CBDC Evaluation Table/Score
Pros | Cons |
---|---|
Pure CBD hemp |
No other flavors |
All natural |
|
Approximately 300 drops total |
Overview
Natural remedy for various illnesses. NuLeaf Naturals’ CBD oil is a whole-plant extract containing a full spectrum of naturally occurring synergistic cannabinoids and terpenes.
3. Spruce 2400mg Lab Grade CBD Oil
cbdc overall score
5.0
CBDC Evaluation Table/Score
Pros | Cons |
---|---|
Extra Strength |
Tastes bitter |
No artificial flavoring or colors |
No THC-free option |
Made from 100% organic and natural ingredients |
Overview
The largest bottle of CBD oil that Spruce offers contains 2,400mg of CBD. This is full-spectrum CBD oil, which is the maximum possible potency. Each high potency dropper full contains 80mg of CBD. There are no flavorings in it, which allows for the most CBD to fit in the 30ml bottle.
4. Avida Full Spectrum CBD Oil Tincture 500mg
cbdc overall score
4.6
CBDC Evaluation Table/Score
Pros | Cons |
---|---|
Light Spearmint flavor |
No other flavor |
Non-THC, Non-detected in drug test |
Overview
Avida Extracts Full Spectrum CBD oil is the latest iteration of the brand’s advanced Avida CORE Spectrum technology. They use a proprietary full spectrum blend, resulting in the highest naturally occurring Phyto-cannabinoids and Terpenes with THC (<0.3) to support your health.
5. cbdMD CBD Oil Tincture Natural 1500mg
cbdc overall score
4.7
CBDC Evaluation Table/Score
Pros | Cons |
---|---|
Various delicious flavors to choose from |
cbdMD uses MCT as its carrier oil so individuals who are allergic with coconuts should consider other brand options |
Has vegan, organic, and gluten-free ingredients |
|
Free shipping for this particular product within USA |
|
World-class customer service team |
Overview
cbdMD’s CBD oil tinctures are made using only CBD sourced from medical hemp and MCT oil as a carrier oil. Tinctures are offered in orange, mint, natural, and berry flavors. Safe for daily use, the oil tinctures are packaged with a built-in rubber dropper to adjust CBD dosage easily. The packaging is made to be easy to transport and discreet to use.
6. CBDistillery THC Free CBD Oil Tinctures
cbdc overall score
4.4
CBDC Evaluation Table/Score
Pros | Cons |
---|---|
60-Day Satisfaction Guarantee |
Dropper is a bit shaky |
Various strengths |
|
Oil extracted from aerial plant parts of US grown industrial hemp |
|
Sourced from non-GMO industrial hemp grown in the USA through natural farming practices |
Overview
CBDistillery’s Isolate CBD Oil Tinctures harness the power of pure CBD. CBD Isolate Oil Tinctures include 0.0% THC. When you use CBDistillery CBD Isolate Oil Tinctures, you can be assured you’re using the highest quality CBD on the market.
7. NuLeaf Naturals 300mg Full Spectrum Hemp CBD Oil
cbdc overall score
4.6
CBDC Evaluation Table/Score
Pros | Cons |
---|---|
Pure CBD hemp |
No other flavors |
All natural |
A bit pricey compared to competitors |
Approximately 100 drops total |
Overview
This is one of several concentrations from NuLeaf Naturals. As the lowest concentration, it is the company’s best option for those new to CBD oil. The product is lab-tested and fully organic. It is full-spectrum, so it contains THC in small quantities.
8. cbdMD CBD Oil Tincture Natural 750mg
cbdc overall score
4.4
CBDC Evaluation Table/Score
Pros | Cons |
---|---|
Vegan and Gluten free |
Does not ship internationally |
Has a third-party lab test |
|
Wide variety of CBD strengths and sizes |
Overview
A 750mg bottle of cbdMD’s Broad Spectrum Oil Tincture does not contain THC. It also has a fairly wide flavor range which is perfect for those who prefer other taste. Vegan consumers are considered since cbdMD offers Vegan products. Aside from all of that, another reason why people love cbdMD is because it’s free from harmful chemicals.
9. Hemp Bombs 750mg CBD Oil
cbdc overall score
3.9
CBDC Evaluation Table/Score
Pros | Cons |
---|---|
Wide variety of flavors |
Incomplete information about the product |
Lab test results are complete |
Does not ship to all international countries |
30-day money-back guarantee |
Overview
Hemp Bombs offer CBD Oil Tinctures that come in a 30ml bottle containing 750mg of CBD. They provide a wide range of flavors perfect for those that have a knack for sweets. Consumers can safely intake this because it’s free of chemicals and pesticides. Hemp Bombs also offer a 20% off on products upon subscription.
10. Royal CBD Full Spectrum CBD Oil
cbdc overall score
3.7
CBDC Evaluation Table/Score
Pros | Cons |
---|---|
Rich in phytochemicals including CBD, CBC, CBG, and a variety of flavorful terpenes |
Shipping not specified on website |
More flavors to choose from |
3rd party lab result is currently not available on website |
Extracts contain a whole array of cannabinoids and terpenes from the hemp plant — rather than pure CBD isolate |
Overview
Excellent products and superb customer service. Whenever you want to ask them about the dosage, recommended consumption methods, or which CBD oil will work best for you, just give them a call, send them a message, or get in touch with their social media channels. They won’t leave you with any unanswered questions.
How CBD May Help With Mood Stability
Cannabidiol, popularly known as CBD, is a plant-based cannabinoid derived from cannabis plants. Unlike THC (tetrahydrocannabinol), CBD does not have psychoactive activity.
Most importantly, CBD has purported anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anxiolytic (anti-anxiety), antipsychotic, and neuroprotective properties(1).
Aside from CBD’s therapeutic potential, its activity in the ECS (endocannabinoid system) may further elucidate how the compound may help with mood stability and the medical conditions associated with it.
The ECS is responsible for maintaining bodily balance. Both CBD and THC interact with the ECS’ cannabinoid receptors (CB1 and CB2) present throughout the body(2).
The cannabinoid receptors are a G-protein coupled receptor family with potential roles in the modulation of signaling pathways linked to numerous medical conditions(3).
A study from the Journal of Neural Transmission linked the depressive period of bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and major depression with a low density of CB1 receptors in the brain(4).
Bipolar disorder (manic depression) causes extreme mood swings characterized by emotional highs and lows. Meanwhile, schizophrenia is a mental disorder in which individuals have a distorted view of reality.
CB1 receptors are found within the pain pathways of the brain and spinal cord, where they may affect CBD-induced anxiety relief(5).
A study showed that CBD may help with anxiety disorders(6). Anxiety disorders can affect one’s mood and often occur with depression(7).
Aside from possessing an anti-anxiety effect, CBD may interact with the serotonin receptor(8).
The serotonin receptor is activated by serotonin, a neurotransmitter involved in mental health conditions, such as depression and anxiety(9).
Benefits of Using CBD for Mood Stability
A study from the Journal of Clinical Medicine Research mentioned that CBD may be a microglial stabilizer, similar to lithium, which can help with mood stabilization and depression(10).
Microglia refers to a neuronal support cell in the central nervous system that can orchestrate a potent inflammatory response(11).
A 2020 study suggested that inflammation may be a treatment target in mood disorders(12).
Lithium is known for significantly reducing suicidal behavior and is recognized for its anti-inflammatory properties(13).
CBD also has purported anti-inflammatory properties(14). In addition, the non-psychoactive compound is found to be relatively safe(15).
A 2021 preclinical research from the International Journal of Molecular Sciences suggested that CBD may have anxiolytic and antidepressant properties that may help with anxiety and mood disorders(16).
Meanwhile, a comparative study from the Psychological Medicine journal suggested that cannabis use may help improve neurocognitive functioning in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia(17).
According to the NIH (National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health), cannabis involves all products derived from Cannabis sativa plants(18).
Although the Psychological Medicine journal study does not focus on CBD, researchers who want to explore CBD’s effect on neurocognition may find the results useful.
Neurocognition is the process of assessing and linking information.
Symptoms of bipolar disorder include manic episodes(19).
A study from the Journal of Psychoactive Drugs hypothesized that cannabis may be a potential mood stabilizer in bipolar disorder(20).
Some individuals with bipolar disorder used cannabis to help with mania, depression, or both and claimed that it is more effective than conventional drugs(21).
Mood disorders are often caused by a chemical imbalance in the brain and stressful life changes(22). CBD has shown promise in improving stress response(23).
Although the results of the studies seem promising, more longitudinal research is recommended to determine the benefits of using CBD for mood stability.
How to Use CBD for Mood Stability Safely
CBD is considered a promising agent in treating mood disorders and anxiety(24). Cannabidiol also has a favorable safety profile(25).
If you are considering using CBD for mood stability, below are two commonly used CBD delivery methods you may try:
Inhaling CBD using vape pens is the fastest way to benefit from the effects of the compound(26). The onset time of CBD via the inhalation route is between 2 to 15 minutes(27).
Nonetheless, the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) and the FDA (Food and Drug Administration) warn people against the use of THC-containing e-cigarettes or any vaping products, mainly from informal sources, like dealers, family and friends, and non-commercial sources(28).
Most lung injury cases in the U.S. are associated with vaping(29). Hence, you have to be extra cautious when choosing this delivery method.
The other commonly used CBD delivery method is sublingual (under the tongue) administration. Such a process provides rapid effects without exposing the lungs to tar and heat(30).
The capillaries under the tongue and within the mouth absorb CBD into the bloodstream before the compound is swallowed(31).
If you choose to take CBD under the tongue, you will feel its effects within 15 to 30 minutes, and they may last from 2 to 4 hours(32).
Most CBD oil products come with calibrated dropper. You can use it to dispense the oil straight to your mouth.
Still, it is best to talk with a doctor experienced in cannabis use to determine the right CBD delivery method for mood stability.
CBD Dosage for Mood Stability
The FDA does not recognize CBD as a form of mood stabilizer. Thus, there is no standard CBD dosage for mood stability.
However, in a randomized controlled trial, researchers administered 600 mg of CBD and a placebo to patients with (SAD) social anxiety disorder(33). The participants who received CBD experienced significantly less social anxiety than those given a placebo.
Meanwhile, a study from Frontiers in Immunology mentioned that CBD may only increase prolactin levels at doses greater than 120mg of CBD per kilogram of body weight(34). This study used a rat model.
Prolactin modulates anxiety and depressive-like behaviors(35).
Depression is a mood disorder(36). Meanwhile, anxiety disorders can result from severe stress that changes the chemical balance that controls one’s mood(37).
Still, consult a healthcare provider versed in cannabis use to determine the accurate dosage for your condition.
How Long Does CBD Take to Help With Mood Stability?
How long CBD takes to help with mood stability usually depends on several factors, including the delivery method, individual body weight, and the type of CBD.
For instance, if you take CBD via the inhalation route, you will feel its effects within 2 to 15 minutes(38). However, vaping may damage your lungs(39).
On the other hand, the onset time of CBD via the sublingual route is between 15 and 30 minutes(40).
How Long Will CBD Help With Mood Stability?
How long CBD’s effects will last after the compound starts to help with mood stability depends on cannabidiol’s bioavailability and half-life.
Bioavailability is the extent to which a particular substance becomes entirely available to its intended biological destinations.
Meanwhile, half-life refers to the length of time required for the concentration of a specific drug to decrease by 50% of its starting dose.
About 94% to 97% of a substance will have been eliminated after four to five half-lives(41).
A systematic review mentioned that CBD’s bioavailability following smoking is 31%, with a half-life of 31 hours(42).
Meanwhile, CBD’s bioavailability via the sublingual route is between 6% and 20%(43). In addition, CBD is reported to have a half-life between 1.4 and 10.9 hours following oromucosal spray use(44).
How to Choose CBD for Mood Stability
Various CBD brands in the market promise to offer the best CBD oil for mood stability. Below are a few pertinent factors to consider that may help you sort through products to find the best CBD product for your overall wellness:
1. Hemp Extracts
A full-spectrum CBD oil contains all compounds of the cannabis plant, including CBD and other cannabinoids, essential oils, flavonoids, and terpenes.
This CBD variant also has less than 0.3% THC. Furthermore, full-spectrum CBD oil produces the entourage effect due to the presence of all cannabis compounds.
The entourage effect is a concept where the biologically active compounds of cannabis work better when administered together.
Flavonoids are active compounds present in cannabis that may have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral actions(45).
Meanwhile, terpenes are the components of essential oils responsible for the aroma of cannabis(46).
Broad-spectrum CBD oil also contains all of the natural compounds of cannabis. However, this CBD variant is THC-free. Lastly, CBD isolates are made from pure CBD.
2. Source of Hemp
For high-quality hemp-derived CBD products, it is necessary to identify the source of hemp.
Some CBD products may contain pesticides, heavy metals, or genetically modified organisms (GMOs). These substances may put your health at risk.
Therefore, make sure to choose a CBD brand that provides sufficient information on the hemp used. You should go for organic hemp or non-GMO CBD products manufactured by reputable companies.
Legitimate producers grow hemp in accordance with the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) regulations, state laws, and tribal plans.
Home-grown hemp is subject to the quality-control procedures of the USDA.
3. Extraction Methods
Different extraction methods are utilized in manufacturing CBD oil and hemp extracts. These processes include steam distillation, natural solvent extraction, ethanol extraction, and carbon dioxide or CO2 extraction.
One of the most frequently utilized CBD extraction methods is the CO2 extraction technique, using carbon dioxide as the solvent(47).
4. Third-Party Lab Testing
Consumers must verify whether a CBD brand enlists the services of a third-party laboratory. The company must provide its clients with lab reports or COAs (certificates of analysis) of all their products.
The documents mentioned should be readily accessible on the brand’s official website. When all pertinent information is posted online, customers can compare the values specified on the laboratory report with the figures on the product label.
Comparing reports allows consumers to verify a brand’s claims regarding the concentration, potency, and effects of CBD.
5. Types of CBD Products
Most CBD-derived products available in the market are:
- CBD vapes
- CBD oils and CBD tinctures
- Edibles, like CBD gummies and capsules
- Topicals, like CBD creams, salves, and lotions
The type of CBD products you choose will depend on your lifestyle preferences, specific conditions, and expected effects.
6. Carrier Oils
Usually, coconut oil and hempseed oil are used as carrier oils.
The terms hempseed oil and hemp oil are often used interchangeably. However, they are not the same.
CBD oil, sometimes called hemp oil, is a form of essential oil obtained from the flowers and leaves of hemp plants. Hempseed oil, meanwhile, is extracted from the pressed seeds of hemp plants.
Hempseed oil does not have CBD. However, it is rich in nutrients and fatty acids(48).
7. Brand Reputation
Although many CBD brands are dedicated to offering only high-quality CBD products to their customers, researching the CBD company to verify if it is a trusted brand is crucial.
Therefore, read customer reviews to get more insights into the manufacturer and its products.
Since most people have different opinions and experiences of a product, understanding the overall impression given by other customers may help you with your decision-making.
Risks and Side Effects of Using CBD for Mood Stability
Generally, commonly reported side effects of using CBD include(49):
- Drowsiness
- Low blood pressure
- Dry mouth
Another cause for concern is possible drug interactions. Antidepressants and mood stabilizers are recommended for moderate to severe depression(50).
CBD is a potent inhibitor of CYP2D6, an enzyme that metabolizes various antidepressants(51). Hence, CBD may increase serum concentrations of antidepressants like SSRIs (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors)(52).
Is CBD Safe for Mood Stability?
Aside from potential risks and side effects, another cause for concern is the lack of regulation of CBD products marketed as supplements(53).
The FDA only has limited scientific data about CBD’s safety(54). Still, the agency is committed to constantly updating the public as it learns more about the compound.
CBD’s safety profile has been established in numerous ways(55). Nevertheless, further clinical trials are needed to ensure that the pharmaceutical compound is well-tested.
Legality of CBD
Under federal law, cannabis (sometimes called marijuana) remains a Schedule I substance under the Controlled Substances Act(56).
The United States Drug Enforcement Administration or DEA said that substances listed in the Schedule I drugs category have a high abuse potential with no accepted medical use(57).
Meanwhile, most states with medical marijuana laws have a patient registry to protect individuals against arrest for having a certain amount of cannabis-derived products for personal medicinal use(58).
Still, rules and regulations regarding medical cannabis may be confusing. Hence, consumers should familiarize themselves with various state laws.
For instance, Colorado permits recreational and medical marijuana use. The local government decriminalized the use of marijuana by passing Amendment 64 to the Colorado Constitution in November 2012(59).
In Texas, the local government passed laws in June 2019 to create an industrial hemp program(60).
Under House Bill 1325, the Texas Department of State Health Services is in charge of issuing licenses to people who want to manufacture or sell consumable hemp-derived products in the Lone Star State.
Meanwhile, in October 2021, California Governor Gavin Newsom signed Assembly Bill No. 45 into law(61).
The bill allowed the inclusion of hemp and cannabinoids, extracts, or hemp derivatives in dietary supplements, food and beverages, cosmetics, and processed pet food provided that they contain less than 0.3% THC(62).
On the other hand, in Indiana, Gov. Eric Holcomb signed Senate Enrolled Act No. 52. The bill allowed the distribution and retail sale of “low-THC hemp extract,” defined as a product derived from Cannabis sativa L. that meets industrial hemp’s definition(63).
The Farm Bill indicates that Cannabis sativa L. and other derivatives of cannabis with less than 0.3% THC content on a dry weight basis are deemed legal under federal law(64).
Product Frequently
Asked Questions
-
How can CBD help with mood stability?
CBD has purported anti-anxiety and antidepressant effects that may help with anxiety and mood disorders(65). The putative therapeutic properties of CBD make the compound a potential mood stabilizer.
-
What evidence or research exists to say that CBD helps with mood stability?
Research regarding the effect of CBD on mood stability is limited. However, a study suggested that cannabis may be an effective mood stabilizer for bipolar disorder(66).
Cannabis refers to all items or products derived from Cannabis sativa plants(67). These include CBD and THC products.
-
Is there any evidence that CBD can make mood stability worse?
No evidence suggests that CBD can make mood stability worse. A study mentioned that 600mg of CBD, when taken for schizophrenia, was well tolerated and did not worsen suicidality or mood(68).
-
Will CBD interact with any current medication I may be taking for mood stability?
The most frequently used mood stabilizer is lithium(69). However, a study from Child Neurology Open indicated that lithium is excreted renally. Thus, any substance that impairs renal function may increase lithium levels(70).
Cannabidiol may interact with lithium due to CBD-induced renal dysfunction, as reflected by elevated creatinine levels(71).
Creatinine refers to a waste product produced by the muscles as part of everyday activity.
-
Are there other treatments I should consider alongside CBD to help with mood stability?
Mood-stabilizing medicines, such as lithium, lamotrigine, divalproex, and carbamazepine, are used to treat mood problems(72). However, mood stabilizers can make individuals dizzy or sick to their stomach.
Meanwhile, the FDA states that CBD may cause minor side effects like gastrointestinal distress, including diarrhea or decreased appetite(73).
Since mood stabilizers can make some people sick to their stomach, talking with a doctor before using CBD alongside these medications is necessary to avoid adverse reactions.
-
Can I fail a drug test if I use CBD for mood stability?
CBD does not cause a euphoric high(74). However, some CBD products have small amounts of THC that may build up in the body when taken regularly, in a span of four to six days(75).
An increased THC level in the bloodstream may result in a positive drug test.
-
What is the dosage for mood stability? How often should you take CBD for mood stability?
There is no standard CBD dosage for mood stability. Nevertheless, microdoses in the range of 0.5mg to 20mg of CBD a day may help with mood disorders(76).
-
Does CBD for mood stability cause adverse effects?
Generally, typical side effects of CBD include gastrointestinal distress and changes in alertness and mood(77).
Hence, it is best to talk with a doctor experienced in cannabis use to learn more about CBD and its potential adverse effects when taken for mood stability.
-
Is CBD oil legal to use for mood stability?
The legality of CBD depends on the rules and regulations of the state you are in. Hence, make sure to learn about your state laws regarding the use of CBD oil to avoid legal repercussions.
- Cannabidiol
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Cannabidiol - Ibid.
- Cannabinoid Receptors and the Endocannabinoid System: Signaling and Function in the Central Nervous System
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5877694/ - Expression of CB1 Cannabinoid Receptor in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex in Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder, and Major Depression
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00702-007-0660-5 - Cannabidiol
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Cannabidiol - Cannabidiol as a Potential Treatment for Anxiety Disorders
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4604171/ - Mood Disorders
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/mood-disorders/symptoms-causes/syc-20365057 - Cannabidiol Modulates Serotonergic Transmission and Reverses Both Allodynia and Anxiety-Like Behavior in a Model of Neuropathic Pain
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6319597/ - Ibid.
- The Impact of Cannabidiol on Psychiatric and Medical Conditions
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7331870/ - Microglia in Neurological Diseases: A Road Map to Brain-Disease Dependent-Inflammatory Response
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fncel.2018.00488/full - Inflammation as a Treatment Target in Mood Disorders: Review
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7345526/ - Inflammation and lithium: clues to mechanisms contributing to suicide-linked traits
https://www.nature.com/articles/tp2014129 - Antioxidative and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Cannabidiol
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7023045/ - An Update on Safety and Side Effects of Cannabidiol: A Review of Clinical Data and Relevant Animal Studies
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5569602/ - Cannabidiol as a Potential Treatment for Anxiety and Mood Disorders: Molecular Targets and Epigenetic Insights from Preclinical Research
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7917759/ - Opposite Relationships Between Cannabis Use and Neurocognitive Functioning in Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19891810/ - Cannabis (Marijuana) and Cannabinoids: What You Need To Know
https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/cannabis-marijuana-and-cannabinoids-what-you-need-to-know - What Is Bipolar Disorder?
https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/bipolar-disorders/what-are-bipolar-disorders - The Use of Cannabis as a Mood Stabilizer in Bipolar Disorder: Anecdotal Evidence and the Need for Clinical Research
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9692379/ - Ibid.
- Mood Disorders
https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/mood-disorders - Enhancing Endocannabinoid Control of Stress with Cannabidiol
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8704602/ - Cannabidiol as a Potential Treatment for Anxiety and Mood Disorders: Molecular Targets and Epigenetic Insights from Preclinical Research
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33668469/ - An Update on Safety and Side Effects of Cannabidiol: A Review of Clinical Data and Relevant Animal Studies
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5569602/ - How to Safely Use CBD: Should You Inhale, Spray, Apply, or Eat It?
https://www.consumerreports.org/cbd/how-to-use-cbd-inhale-spray-apply-eat/ - Healing With CBD, page 190.
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1AGlxnhS2SoFeOXEuysv75bd_C9pEnwsU/view - Outbreak of Lung Injury Associated with the Use of E-Cigarette, or Vaping, Products
https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/basic_information/e-cigarettes/severe-lung-disease.html - Ibid.
- CBD: A Patient’s Guide to Medicinal Cannabis, page 105.
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1MILU_6ZjYkII-XMUPHLFPiPQbrz__5Sh/view - Healing With CBD, page 207.
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1AGlxnhS2SoFeOXEuysv75bd_C9pEnwsU/view - Healing With CBD, page 192.
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1AGlxnhS2SoFeOXEuysv75bd_C9pEnwsU/view - Cannabidiol Reduces the Anxiety Induced by Simulated Public Speaking in Treatment-Naïve Social Phobia Patients
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21307846/ - Translational Investigation of the Therapeutic Potential of Cannabidiol (CBD): Toward a New Age
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6161644/ - Actions of Prolactin in the Brain: From Physiological Adaptations to Stress and Neurogenesis to Psychopathology
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4811943/ - Depression (Major Depressive Disorder)
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/depression/symptoms-causes/syc-20356007 - Anxiety Disorders
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9536-anxiety-disorders - Healing With CBD, page 190.
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1AGlxnhS2SoFeOXEuysv75bd_C9pEnwsU/view - Is It Safe to Vape CBD?
https://www.consumerreports.org/cbd/is-it-safe-to-vape-cbd/ - Healing With CBD, page 192.
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1AGlxnhS2SoFeOXEuysv75bd_C9pEnwsU/view - Half-Life
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554498/ - A Systematic Review on the Pharmacokinetics of Cannabidiol in Humans
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6275223/ - Healing With CBD, page 192.
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1AGlxnhS2SoFeOXEuysv75bd_C9pEnwsU/view - A Systematic Review on the Pharmacokinetics of Cannabidiol in Humans
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6275223/ - Flavonoids As Antioxidants
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10924197/ - The Cannabis Terpenes
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7763918/ - Understanding Dabs: Contamination Concerns of Cannabis Concentrates and Cannabinoid Transfer During the Act of Dabbing
https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jts/40/6/40_797/_pdf/-char/en - Hemp Seed Oil Properties
https://extension.okstate.edu/fact-sheets/hemp-seed-oil-properties.html - CBD: What You Need to Know Before You Try
https://www.cedars-sinai.org/blog/cbd-safe.html - Antidepressants and Mood Stabilizers: Novel Research Avenues and Clinical Insights for Bipolar Depression
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5713374/ - Medical Cannabis: Adverse Effects & Drug Interactions, page 11.
https://doh.dc.gov/sites/default/files/dc/sites/doh/publication/attachments/Medical%20Cannabis%20Adverse%20Effects%20and%20Drug%20Interactions_0.pdf - Ibid.
- CBD: What You Need to Know Before You Try
https://www.cedars-sinai.org/blog/cbd-safe.html - What You Need to Know (And What We’re Working to Find Out) About Products Containing Cannabis or Cannabis-derived Compounds, Including CBD
https://www.fda.gov/consumers/consumer-updates/what-you-need-know-and-what-were-working-find-out-about-products-containing-cannabis-or-cannabis - An Update on Safety and Side Effects of Cannabidiol: A Review of Clinical Data and Relevant Animal Studies
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5569602/ - State Medical Cannabis Laws
https://www.ncsl.org/research/health/state-medical-marijuana-laws.aspx - Drug Scheduling
https://www.dea.gov/drug-information/drug-scheduling - State Medical Cannabis Laws
https://www.ncsl.org/research/health/state-medical-marijuana-laws.aspx - Legal Marijuana Use in Colorado
https://cannabis.colorado.gov/legal-marijuana-use-in-colorado - Cannabis and the Law
https://guides.sll.texas.gov/cannabis/cbd - Assembly Bill No. 45
https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB45 - Ibid.
- Senate Enrolled Act No. 52
https://medicalmarijuana.procon.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/37/indiana-sb52.pdf - FDA Regulation of Cannabis and Cannabis-Derived Products, Including Cannabidiol (CBD)
https://www.fda.gov/news-events/public-health-focus/fda-regulation-cannabis-and-cannabis-derived-products-including-cannabidiol-cbd - Cannabidiol as a Potential Treatment for Anxiety and Mood Disorders: Molecular Targets and Epigenetic Insights from Preclinical Research
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7917759/ - The Use of Cannabis as a Mood Stabilizer in Bipolar Disorder: Anecdotal Evidence and the Need for Clinical Research
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9692379/ - Cannabis (Marijuana) and Cannabinoids: What You Need To Know
https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/cannabis-marijuana-and-cannabinoids-what-you-need-to-know - The Impact of Cannabidiol on Psychiatric and Medical Conditions
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7331870/ - Facts About Mood Stabilizers
https://www.mirecc.va.gov/visn22/Facts_about_Mood_Stabilizers_Veteran_and_Family_Handout.pdf - Drug-Drug Interactions Between Cannabidiol and Lithium
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7427002/ - Ibid.
- Mood-Stabilizing Medicines
https://www.uofmhealth.org/health-library/pl1025 - What You Need to Know (And What We’re Working to Find Out) About Products Containing Cannabis or Cannabis-derived Compounds, Including CBD
https://www.fda.gov/consumers/consumer-updates/what-you-need-know-and-what-were-working-find-out-about-products-containing-cannabis-or-cannabis - Cannabidiol (CBD)-What We Know and What We Don’t
https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/cannabidiol-cbd-what-we-know-and-what-we-dont-2018082414476 - Can You Take CBD and Pass a Drug Test?
https://www.consumerreports.org/cbd/can-you-take-cbd-and-pass-a-drug-test/ - CBD: A Patient’s Guide to Medicinal Cannabis, page 129.
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1MILU_6ZjYkII-XMUPHLFPiPQbrz__5Sh/view - What You Need to Know (And What We’re Working to Find Out) About Products Containing Cannabis or Cannabis-derived Compounds, Including CBD
https://www.fda.gov/consumers/consumer-updates/what-you-need-know-and-what-were-working-find-out-about-products-containing-cannabis-or-cannabis